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US History > FINAL1 > Flashcards

FINAL1 Flashcards

0
Q

After Europeans arrived in the Caribbean, what caused the deaths of countless Native Americans

A

Diseases

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1
Q

What is NOT a location that was part of what was known as the triangular trade

A

Asia

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2
Q

T or F the crusades eventually controlled the holy land

A

False

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3
Q

The model of using west African slaves as the labor force on plantations was developed by

A

Portuguese

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4
Q

The biggest difference between the Spanish and English colones was that..

A

Spanish: funded by rulers English: funded by joint stock companies

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5
Q

Which directly contributed to the increase in African slaves brought to the colonies

A

Lack of indentured servants, increase in wealth of large landowners

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6
Q

The colonies in New England were established in hope of achieving

A

Religious freedom

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7
Q

Not a reason for Columbus’ exploration

A

Destroy the native people

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8
Q

How native Americans are not culturally similar

A

Belief that land was available to anyone who wanted to use it

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9
Q

T or F New England got a long peacefully with the native Americans

A

False

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10
Q

What is NOT a reason why someone would have been a loyalist?

A

Desire for new economic opportunities

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11
Q

2 true regarding the Virginia societies of the early colonial period

A

People came as single men and women

To make a profit

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12
Q

Profitable enterprise for Jamestown

A

Tobacco

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13
Q

The right to vote in political elections

A

Suffrage

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14
Q

What does NAACP stand for

A

National Association for the advancement of colored people

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15
Q

Cleanliness and meat quality requirements

A

Meat inspection act

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16
Q

Called for truth in the product labels and stopped contaminated products from being sold

A

Pure food and drug act

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17
Q

What were arguments made against the treaty of Paris

A

Violated dec of independence - denied self govt
Focus on equality at home before issues aboard
Samuel Gompers feared Filipino immigrants would take Ams jobs

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18
Q

What treaty ended the French and Indian war?

A

Treaty of Paris

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19
Q

What treaty ended the revolutionary

A

Treaty of Paris

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20
Q

What treaty ended the war of 1812

A

Treaty of Ghent

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21
Q

What treaty ended the Mexican American war

A

Treaty of Guadalupe hidalgo

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22
Q

What treaty ended the Spanish American war

A

Treaty of Paris

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23
Q

Cultural similarities of Native American societies

A

Trading networks, land, religious beliefs, and social order

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24
Q

What did the crusades want to do

A

Reclaim the holy land

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25
Q

Effects of the crusades

A

Increase trade with Asia, increase the power of monarchy, decreased the power of the pope

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26
Q

Reasons for Columbus’ voyage

A

Gold land religion

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27
Q

Columbus impact on Native American modern slave trade

A

Made them slaves, brought deadly diseases

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28
Q

Crusades link with Columbus

A

Increasing the power of the monarchy so they sent Columbus to Spain

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29
Q

Difference between Spanish colonies and English colonies

A

Spanish: paid for by rulers
English: colonies funded by joint stock companies

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30
Q

Which was more risky English colonies or Spanish colonies

A

English colonies

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31
Q

What saved Jamestown?

A

Brown gold (tobacco)

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32
Q

Reasons why New England and Virginia people came to the US

A

NE: create a model religious society, escape religious persecution
V: make a profit

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33
Q

Differences between ne and v on voting rights

A

Ne:Belong to the church, poor or rich (puritans) could vote
V: white males who owned land

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34
Q

Differences between ne and v and their family

A

Ne: crossed Atlantic with family (puritans)
V: single men and women

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35
Q

Reasons for being a loyalists

A

Lived far from cities
Fear of punishment by British crown if British won
Rights would be more protected

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36
Q

Reasons to be patriot

A 
Desired independence from Britain 
Economic opportunities (claim independence, be free; no govt influence)
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37
Q

Who sent the olive branch petition?

A

Second continental congress to king

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38
Q

What was the result of the olive branch petition

A

King rejected it and declared the colonies were in rebellion (revolutionary war)

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39
Q

What is the ratification process? How many states have to approve?

A

9/13 need to approve

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40
Q

What was the problem between the federalists and the antifederalists

A

Fed:Supported constitution, believed it balanced state, national power well.
Anti: didn’t support constitution, opposed a strong central govt, wanted Bill of Rights, feared creating a king

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41
Q

What was the problem with the original Supreme Court?

A

There was an even number and would split

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42
Q

The judiciary act of 1789 did what to solve the Supreme Court?

A

Said there would need to be an odd number so there wouldn’t be a split

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43
Q

Cause of war of 1812

A

British blockade of European ports
Impressment
Native American attacks on American forces

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44
Q

What happened during the war involving Andrew Jackson?

A

Won numerous battles towards the end of war against the native Americans
Great victory at New Orleans, defeated B troops

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45
Q

Tariff of 1816- what did it effect

A

Pay for internal improvements (roads, canals)

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46
Q

Tariff of abomination- who did it effect?

A

The south because they had to buy goods from the north, giving north wealth

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47
Q

What did the Monroe doctrine warn others countries not to do

A

To not interfere with issues in the Western Hemisphere

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48
Q

What led to the Missouri compromise

A

South accused north of trying to end slavery

North accused south of extending slavery

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49
Q

What was the resolution of the Missouri compromise?

A

Maine admitted as a free state; Missouri as a slave state

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50
Q

T or F Missouri compromise determined where slavery was and was not legal

A

True

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51
Q

Inventions in the 1830s-1840s

A

Sewing machine, telegraph, steamboat, railroads,steel plow, mechanics reapers

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52
Q

Two nationalities that made up the majority of immigrants in the mid 1800s

A

Irish and German

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53
Q

Causes of the Texas revolution

A 
Cultural differences (Texas-Protestant and English) 
Wanted slavery (outlawed in Mexico)
Santa Anna placed Texas under complete control of Mexico
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54
Q

What happened at the Alamo

A

Santa Anna slaughtered every member of Texas @ Alamo. After this was the turning point for Texas (got mad and struck back)

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55
Q

What was the issue with Texas becoming a state?

A

North worried about there being an unbalance

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56
Q

Reasons for the Mexican-American war

A

Expansion- want more territory
Slavery- extending it
American aggression
James K Polk sent troops to Texas to provoke Mexican forces to fight back

57
Q

In what way was the Mexican American war first in American history?

A

First war on foreign territory

58
Q

Act that prevented slaves from receiving a trial by jury or testifying on their own behalf

A

Fugitive slave act

59
Q

What was the main belief of the Republican Party regarding slavery?

A

Formed out of the desire to keep slavery out of territories

60
Q

Reconstruction goals

A

Rebuild south
Bring southern states back into the union
Bring slaves into their new state as free men and women

61
Q

What was the issue in the south with public works program

A

Nearly all southerners had their income drop during the war

62
Q

Reason for the collapse of reconstructions

A

Violence(KKK), scandal and divided Republican Party, panic of 1873, Supreme Court rulings, democrats regained power in the state govt of the south

63
Q

What resource led to conflicts between the native Americans and whites

A

Gold

64
Q

What led to the end of native Americans resistance in the 1800s

A

Broke up reservations, gave some of the land to individual natives

65
Q

What did the Dawes Act say

A

Govt would sell the rest of the land to settlers and give the money back to natives

66
Q

Did the Dawes act ever work?

A

No. It never happened

67
Q

Explained the evolution of human society. Marketplace shouldn’t be regulated by the govt- no interfere

A

Social Darwinism

68
Q

Method used by John d Rockefeller

A

Sold oil price lower than it cost to produce. Once in control, drive prices up

69
Q

What methods were used by Andrew Carnegie

A

Vertical and horizontal method

70
Q

When were strikes used

A

As a last resort

71
Q

Why did the workers of Pullman go on strike?

A

Wages were cut while rent stayed the same

72
Q

What was the result of the Pullman strike

A

They were fired and names were blacklisted- tell other company’s about names

73
Q

Chinese exclusion act - why was it put into place?

A

Outlawed all Chinese from entering the country expect tourists, students, merchants.
They were taking away American jobs

74
Q

European system in which smaller settlements were controlled by the power country. For example Italians took over Arab sugar plantation

A

Colonization

75
Q

Putting a individuals money into a colony to support it and hopefully will succeed and give a profit

A

Joint stock companies

76
Q

System to have a better population in Jamestown that said whoever paid for their way to Virginia or paid for anyone else’s way there, would receive 50 acres of land

A

Headright system

77
Q

System created by the British in which to gain power and gold. You must gain all the gold and silver possible; this became a competition between countries

A

Mercantilism

78
Q

Colonial policy that relaxed the rules due to the loyalty of the colonies

A

Salutary neglect

79
Q

Crop that farmers sell to make a profit instead of keeping the crop for their own use

A

Cash crop

80
Q

Act parliament created to tax all goods and services within British colonies in North America

A

Stamp act

81
Q

Act parliament created to tax imported goods from the British colonies in North American indirectly

A

Townshed act

82
Q

Law enforced by military forces in which to keep peace; temporarily

A

Martial law

83
Q

Problem in which congress prints too much money and the value of money decreases due to increase of prices

A

Inflation

84
Q

Belief that everyone is equal and everyone has equal rights

A

Egalitarianism

85
Q

Facial expression, body language, describing human emotions

A

Countenance

86
Q

Hate, bad, intolerable, bitter

A

Loathsome

87
Q

Excessive

A

Copious

88
Q

Land given to the public to a certain individual and organization

A

Land grants

89
Q

Law that states that no slaves could buy territory while in war with Mexico

A

Wilmot proviso

90
Q

System in which the people vote for issues

A

Popular sovereignty

91
Q

An act stating that escaped slaves would return into slavery

A

Fugitive slave act

92
Q

Passed by nine northern states which stopped runaway slaves from being put into jail . Instead they would go to court for a trial

A

Personal liberty laws

93
Q

Court ruling in which states that the govt needs to bring a prisoner to court so the court can decide whether the prisoner should be held guilty or not

A

Habeas corpus

94
Q

Action that drafts citizens to fulfill military services

A

Conscription

95
Q

Amendment approved in 1865 in which revoked slavery and stopped forcing citizens to do service

A

Thirteenth amendment

96
Q

Unfair law passed throughout the south which prohibited African American activities such as traveling without a permit, serving on board, carrying weapons, arguing against whites, and marry white race

A

Black codes

97
Q

Organization in which people who own land five farm workers their land, seeds, and tools if the farmers give them the crops that are raised

A

Share cropping

98
Q

Secret system that used guerrilla tactics to restore white dominance in southern states after the civil war took place

A

KKK

99
Q

Rule in which the state powers its citizens without the federal govt being involved

A

Home rule

100
Q

Who were the most valuable slaves

A

Men under 20 years old. Women under 20 were second

101
Q

Why were slaves oiled down and fed a good meal prior to being put on auction block?

A

Slave owners wanted their slaves to look thick and strong for those purchasing slaves. The better the slave looks, the more Money

102
Q

What were punishments for a slave trying to escape

A

Whipped, branded, castrated, their ears were svered and branded again

103
Q

Why was there a fear of Sundays by slave owners? How did they respond to threat?

A

That was slaves day off. So they were scared of what slaves might do. They started to carry guns to the church

104
Q

During the stono rebellion why did slaves head towards Florida

A

They were considered free in Florida

105
Q

What did slave owners do to slaves they caught during rebellion? Why?

A

Shot the slaves and chopped their heads off and put it where other slaves would see it to send a message that if you rebel, this will happen to you

106
Q

Part of the triangular trade

A

England, Europe, West Indies, Africa

107
Q

Why were the articles of confederation weak?

A

Congress couldn’t enact and collect taxes, couldn’t regulate interstate or foreign trade, each state had only one vote, 2/3 majority to pass laws, could be amended only all states approved, no executive branch to enforce the laws of congress, no national court system to settle legal disputes, 13 separate states that lacked nationally unity

108
Q

What was Jeffersons biggest accomplishment while in office

A

Purchase of the Louisiana territory

109
Q

Economies of the north was based on

A

Manufacturing

110
Q

What type of economy was the south based on

A

Agriculture

111
Q

What did the cotton gin do

A

Easier to clean cotton

112
Q

Who did the cotton gin help

A

Planters and also those who were poor because people started buying land and gaining wealth quick.

113
Q

What effects did the cotton gin have on slavery?

A

Caused slavery to grow very quick and slaves were wanted more in the south

114
Q

Essential to fight not only the souths army and govt but also its civilian population as well

A

Total war

115
Q

T or F Battle of the Alamo was not a victory for Mexican forces

A

False it was a victory

116
Q

What was an effect of the Supreme Court ruling Plessy v. ferguson

A

Racial segregation was allowed for nearly 60 years

117
Q

The election of John Adams led to 2 following issues

A

President and Vice President from two different parties

Sectionalism between the north and the south

118
Q

Tariff of 1816 was placed on

A

Foreign product

119
Q

In total war why was the civilian population targeted

A

Supplied everything for the army. If destroyed confederacy would collapse

120
Q

What were the slave states that did not secede and join the confederacy? (Stayed with union)

A

Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, West Virginia

121
Q

Belief in placing regional concerns above national interests

A

Sectionalism

122
Q

Tariff of abomination hurt who and helped who?

A

Hurt south and helped north

123
Q

T or F one of the major reasons people moved out west was in order to purchase cheap land with the hopes of trying a new job and becoming richer

A

True

124
Q

Popular sovereignty: what piece of legislation allowed it in the territories

A

Kansas Nebraska act

125
Q

Why would a southern plantation owner chose slaves over indentured servants

A

… For multiple reasons. One, slaves could work in the harsh, southern plantations. Two, you own slaves for life. Indentured servants only worked for a certain amount of years. Also, if the slaves had babies, they would be ur property too. The only bad thing was that they were more expensive. But, it was a good expense in the long run

126
Q

Marburg v Madison Supreme Court said…

A

Declared it unconstitutional

127
Q

What issue arose in the constitution convention

A

Do we consider slaves as people

128
Q

Why did the north not want to count slaves as people

A

Because not counting slaves would give them more representation

129
Q

Why did the south want to consider slaves as people

A

It would raise their population.

130
Q

What was the result of the issue should slaves be counted as people

A

Three fifths compromise -3/5 of the state slaves were counted in the population
Congress was not allowed to interfere with the slave trade for 20 years

131
Q

Causes of the Spanish American war

A

American business owners , josé Martí, valeriano Wyler , yellow journalism, de lome letter, uss Maine

132
Q

Immigration and urbanization

A

They came to escape religious persecution, gain independece, and for jobs. They also came because it was cheap and because of ethnic communities
There were many problems. Many crimes took place, which became very dangerous. Diseases were spread very easily due to lack of sanitation because they didn’t have much room nor proper toilet systems

133
Q

Discrimination and segregation

A

Blacks were discriminated voting wise because they had to pass a literacy test and the blacks test were harder to pass on purpose. Whites then put a poll tax on voting, but that effected whites as well. So they came up with the grandfather clause which was a clause that said blacks couldn’t vote because they weren’t free in 1867. Segregation took place in the Plessy v ferguson court case. It allowed segregation at public and private places, “separate but equal”

134
Q

Revolutionary war was between

A

France an England

135
Q

Reasons for imperialism

A

Desire for military growth, desire for new economic opportunities, desire for culture superiority

136
Q

In what ways did the federal govts power increase during the civil war

A

Income tax

Culd draft men

137
Q

Two issues that arose from John Adams election

A

Sectionalism
Adams-fed
Vice President-demo repub

138
Q

Who was dred Scott and what was the result of his case

A

Slave one state to another.

Slaves are property and can’t be free

139
Q

What did the Kansas Nebraska act say

A

Let people decide free and slave states ( people came and voted from other areas

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