Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is safety analysis?
A generic term for study of the system, identification of dangerous aspects of the system, and correction of them.
System safety
A comprehensive and systematic examination of an engineering design or mature operation and control of any particular hazards that could injure people or damage equipment.
System safety engineering is a compilation of what 3 engineering analyses and management practices?
- Identify the hazards in a system.
- Determine the underlying causes of those hazards.
- Develop engineering or management controls to either eliminate the hazards or mitigate their consequences.
What is the difference between system safety and risk assessment?
System safety is the assurance that the system is safe for all people, environment, and equipment. Risk assessment can be used to determine how safe something is, but it can also be used to determine the various trade-off alternatives to lower the risk in a system. Risk in this case doesn’t have to be related to safety; it could just mean the risk of losing marker share.
What is one of the earliest written references to safety?
It is from the Code of Hammurabi, around 1750 B.C. It stated that if a house was built and it fell due to poor construction, killing the owner, then the builder himself would be put to death.
The first laws covering compensation for injuries were codified when?
In the Middle Ages.
Most of the current safety techniques and concepts were born when?
At the end of World War II.
Operations research gave some legitimacy to?
The use of quantitative analysis in predicting accidents.
The system safety concept and progression really started during?
The American military missile and nuclear programs in the 1950s and 1960s.
In the United Kingdom in the early 1960s, Imperial Chemical Industries started developing the concept of?
HAZOP study (a chemical industry safety analysis). In 1974 it was presented at an American Institute of Chemical Engineers conference on loss prevention.
The Occupation Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) published industrial safety requirements in?
1970
What document is considered the cornerstone of the system safety profession?
Mil-Std-882 “Requirements for System Safety Program for Systems and Associated Subsystems and Equipment”
When did OSHA publish a process safety standard for hazardous materials?
1992
