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Evidence Based Practice > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

0
Q

A hypothesis that make a specific prediction about the direction of the relationship between two variables

A

Directional

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1
Q

Theory needing investigation, a statement that is assumed to be true for the sake of arguement

A

Hypothesis

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2
Q

A research hypothesis that does not stipulate the expected direction of the relationship between variables

A

Non-directional

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3
Q

The variable hypothesized to depend on or be caused by another variable; the outcome variable of interest

A

Dependent variable

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4
Q

The variable that is believed to cause or influence the dependent variable; in experimental research, the manipulated treatment variable

A

Independent Hypothesis

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5
Q

A hypothesis stating no relationship between the variables under study

A

Null hypothesis

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6
Q

What is the primary use of the null hypothesis?

A

Statistical testing, as the hypothesis is to be rejected

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7
Q

Purpose of an experiment

A

Aim

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8
Q

Reason for doing an experiment

A

Purpose

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9
Q

First hand reports of facts or findings; the original report by the researcher who conducted the study

A

Primary Source

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10
Q

Second-hand accounts of events or facts; description of the research prepared by someone other than the original researcher

A

Secondary source

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11
Q

Research further removed and repeated through multiple people

A

Tertiary research

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12
Q

The investigation of phenomena, typically in an in-depth and holistic fashion, through the collection of rich narrative materials using a flexible research design

A

Qualitative study

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13
Q

The investigation of phenomenon that lend themselves to precise measurement and quantification, often involving a rigorous and controlled design

A

Quantitative study

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14
Q

The degree of consistency with which an instrument measures an attribute

A

Reliability

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15
Q

A quality criterion referring to the degree to which inferences made in a study are accurate and well-founded; in measurement, the degree to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure

A

Validity

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16
Q

A study design that begins by measuring a presumed cause and then goes forward in time to measure presumed effects

A

Prospective

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17
Q

What is another name of prospective design?

A

Cohort design

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18
Q

A study design that begins with the manifestation on the dependent variable in the present, followed by a search for a presumed cause occurring in the past

A

Retrospective

19
Q

The process of preventing those in a study from having information that could lead to a bias

A

Blind and double blind studies

20
Q

Knowledge of which treatment group or participant is in

A

Bias

21
Q

A study designed to collect data at more than one point in time

A

Longitudinal

22
Q

Data is collected at one point in time; sometimes used to infer change over time when data is collected from different age or development groups

A

Cross Sectional

23
Q

A form of longitudinal research in which different samples from a population are studied over time with respect to some phenonmenon

A

Trend

24
Q

The process of holding constant confounding influences on the dependent variable

A

Control

25
Q

A manner determined by chance alone

A

Random

26
Q

A group of people affiliated with an institution who convene to review proposed and ongoing studies with respect to ethical consideration

A

Institutional Review Board

27
Q

What is fair and right

A

Justice

28
Q

A fundamental ethical principle that seeks to maximize benefits for study participants and prevent harm

A

Beneficence

29
Q

Representing the rights of others

A

Advocacy

30
Q

Respecting the privacy of participants and subsequent results

A

Confidentiality

31
Q

Measurements to validate the effectiveness of an intervention

A

Pre and Post tests

32
Q

A sham or pseudo intervention, often used as a control group condition

A

Placebo

33
Q

A design for testing an intervention an intervention in which participants are not randomly assigned to treatment condtions

A

Quasi-Experiment

34
Q

What are the other names for Quasi-Experiments?

A

Nonrandomized Trail or Controlled Trial without Randomization

35
Q

A measure of central tendency, computed by summing all scores and diving by the number of scores; an average

A

Mean

36
Q

A descriptive statistic that is a measure of central tendency, representing the exact middle value in a score distribution, the value which above a below 50% of the scores lie

A

Median

37
Q

A measure of central tendency; the score value that occurs most frequently in a distribution of scores

A

Mode

38
Q

The lowest level of measurement involving the assignment of characteristics into categories

A

Nominal

39
Q

A measurement level that rank orders phenomena along some some dimension

A

Oridinal

40
Q

The most frequently used statistic for measuring the degree of variability in a set of scores

A

Standard Deviation

41
Q

A measure of variability of dispersion equal to the standard deviation squared

A

Variance

42
Q

A bond or association between variables, with variation in one variable systematically related to variation in another

A

Correlation

43
Q

Review by a researcher who critiques a research report or proposal and makes recommendations about publishing or funding the project

A

Peer Review

44
Q

An interpretation of data

A

Discussion

45
Q

Is the study relevant to other populations or just the one studied?

A

Generalizability

Evidence Based Practice (4 decks)

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