Exam #3 Flashcards

0
Q

On graph A, the profits are maximized at Q* =____.

A

Q4

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1
Q

On graph A, the curve labeled M is the ____ curve and the curve labeled K is the ____ curve.

A

Total Revenue/Total Cost

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2
Q

_____ Producers the incentive to pursue their own selfish interests, engage in wealth creating activities and operate efficiently.

  • Government regulations help give
  • An oligopoly industry gives
  • Competition gives
  • a monopoly would give
A

Competition gives

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3
Q

As discussed in class, in Perfectly Competitive markets, if one firm decided to LOWER its P below the Market P,it would observe that it’s Quantity of sales would ____ & its TR would actually ____.

A

stay same/decrease

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4
Q

The ____ curve for the perfectly competitive firm is the vertical axis up until the minimum point on the AVC curve and then it coincides with the MC curve.
-Short Run S -Long Run D
-Long Run S
Short Run D

A

Short Run S

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5
Q

In a Constant Cost Perfectly Competitive Industry, the LR Supply Curve is ____ while in an increasing cost perfectly competitive industry, the LR supply curve is _____.

A

a horizontal line/a slightly upward sloping line

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6
Q

Figure 9.1.
If the Market P in this Perfectly Competitive Industry was $20, in the SR this firms profit maximizing Q* quantity would be ___.

A

50

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7
Q

Figure 9.1
Based on your answer to the previous question, in the SR, this firm would earn Average Profits (profits per unit) equal to $_____.

A

-70

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8
Q

Figure 9.1

If the Market P in this Perfectly Competitive Industry was $20, in the SR this firm would:

A

shut down

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9
Q

Figure 9.1.
If the Market price in this perfectly competitive industry was instead $80, in the SR this firm would earn Total Profits equal to around $____

A

1600

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10
Q

Figure 9.1
In this perfectly competitive industry, what would the market price need to be for an individual firm to feel indifferent between staying open and shutting down in the SR?

A

30

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11
Q

Figure 9.1
In this perfectly competitive industry, what would the market price need to be for this firm to be in Long Run Equilibrium?

A

60

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12
Q

Chart B
The schedule of TC for a chair manufacturing firm is presented in the table below. If the Market P of chairs is $100, which of the output level, Q* should this Perfectly Competitive firm produce in order to maximize profit?

A

40

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13
Q

Figure 9-2.

The Monopolistic Competitive Firm would Maximize his profits by producing a Quantity of Output, Q* equal to ____.

A

5

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14
Q

Figure 9-2

Based on your answer to the previous question, monopolistic competitive firm would charge a price equal to $___

A

100

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15
Q

Figure 9-2
Based on your answer to the previous questions, this monopolistic competitive firm would start to notice ___ in the Industry and its own D curve would ____.

A

entry/shift left

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16
Q

Figure 9-2
Using the information in the previous questions and in the graph above, in the LR, the equilibrium Price for this firm will be $____

A

60

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17
Q

Figure 9-3
Find the profit maximizing Q* of output for this monopolistic competitive firm. The maximum total Profits at this Q* equal $____

A

1800

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18
Q

Figure 9-3
If the following year this firm engages in ‘Price Discrimination’ it could charge $90 to some of its customers and $60 to the additional customers. In this case, its profits would ___ than if it charged only one price.

A

be higher

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19
Q

Figure 9-3
If the firm engaged in Price Discrimination, it should charge the higher price to the consumers with a more ___ demand and a lower price to the consumers with a more ____ demand for this product.

A

inelastic/elastic

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20
Q

A firm in a _____ Competitive market cannot raise its Price or it will lose all of its customers. A firm in a ______ Competitive market can raise its Price without losing all of its customers because it has ___.

A

Perfectly/Monopolistic/ a perfectly elastic individual d curve

21
Q

When compared to the Perfectly Competitive markets, Economists notice that the Monopolistic Competitive markets will have LR equilibrium conditions with ____ Prices and ____ Quantities being produced.

A

higher/higher

22
Q

The theory described in the previous question is called

A

The excess Capacity Theorum

23
Q

As discussed in class, it is difficult to write a want-ad for both ___ and/or ____.

  • corporate manager/ sole proprietorship
  • economist/homemaker
  • homemaker/entrepreneur
  • professor/economist
  • professor/corporate manager
A

corporate manager/sole proprietorship

24
Q

The benefits of business failures were discussed by ____. He called it “____”.

A

Joseph Schumpeter/Creative Destruction

25
Q

ALL of the following are reasons why most economists agree that business failure is thought to have benefits except:

  • less efficient firms are weeded out
  • economic expansion speeds up
  • unused assets will always be sold for more than what they originally cost
  • resources are freed up to supply goods that consumers value more
  • improvements in organization occur
A

Unused assets will always be sold for more than what they originally cost

26
Q

All of the following are examples of Barriers to Entry except

  • government franchising
  • control over essential resource
  • tariffs and quotas
  • having diseconomies of scale
  • patents
A

having diseconomies of scale

27
Q

The government requires some types of firms to obtain a license. All of the following are required to have a license except:

  • liquor stores
  • hairstyle shops
  • automobile manufacturers
  • funeral license
A

automobile manufacturers

28
Q

All of the following are basically examples of monopolies except:

  • Local Zoos
  • Debeers Diamonds
  • one gas station in a small town
  • coca cola
  • public utilities
A

Coca Cola

29
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of a monopoly?

  • unique product
  • low barriers to entry
  • all of these
  • price taker
  • few sellers
A

unique product

30
Q

The USPS has a monopoly on the delivery of first class mail due to ____.

  • legal barriers limiting entry
  • holding a patent
  • control over an essential resource
  • a lack of initiative of competing firms
A

legal barriers

31
Q

Figure 9-4

What is the profit maximizing Q* for this monopoly?

A

50

32
Q

figure 9-4

Given the profit maximizing Q*, this monopoly will charge ____

A

a price of $7

33
Q

Figure 9-4

Eventually this monopoly would notice ____ in the industry and its own d curve would___

A

entry/ d curve would shift left

34
Q

An agreement among firms to avoid competitive practices is ____ and more likely to occur in a ____ market

A

collusion/oligopoly

35
Q

According to the Sherman Antitrust Act, the US Gov’t will do all of the following except:

  • prevent mergers that reduce competition
  • purchase all firms with monopoly power
  • break up existing monopolies
  • prosecute firms engaging in collusion
A

purchase all firms with monopoly power

36
Q

The Sherman Antitrust Act was implemented in:

A

1890

37
Q

OPEC stands for ____ _____ ____ ____ and is ____.

A

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries/ a legal cartel

38
Q

Which of the following make it difficult for firms to collude?

  • vigorous antitrust enforcement
  • rival firms exiting the industry
  • stable demand conditions
  • having a small number of firms in the industry
A

vigorous antitrust enforcement

39
Q

Figure 11-1
If the firms in this oligopolistic industry depicted in figure 11-1 cannot conclude effectively and instead compete in a perfect way, the price of their product will tend to be ____. If instead they can collude effectively, the price of their product will tend to be_____.

A

close to P1/close to P1

40
Q

Figure 11-1

In theory the firms in this oligopolistic industry depicted will charge a price ____

A

in the range between p1 and p2

41
Q

Amusement parks, nightclubs, hairdressers, dry cleaners, and movie theaters were all discussed in class as examples of firms that ____.

  • sell identical products
  • have no barriers to entry
  • require government license to operate
  • are monopolies
  • use price discrimination
A

use price discrimination

42
Q

Cigarettes, auto, airline, supermarket and soft drink companies were all discussed in class as examples of firms that are called ___.

  • perfect competitors
  • natural monopolies
  • monopolies
  • monopolistic competitors
  • oligopolies
A

oligopolies

43
Q

A market situation where the products being sold are identical is called ____

  • monopoly
  • perfect competition
  • oligopoly
  • monopolistic competition
  • natural monopoly
A

perfect competition

44
Q

A market situation where one firm can produce the entire industry output at a lower average cost than a larger number of smaller firms called a ____.

  • monopoly
  • oligopoly
  • perfect competition
  • perfectly competitive firm
  • natural monopoly
A

natural monopoly

45
Q
A market situation where a small number of sellers compose the entire industry is called \_\_\_\_.
-natural monopoly
-monopoly
-perfect competition
-monopolistic competition
-oligopoly
-
A

oligopoly

46
Q

A market situation where there are a large number of sellers and low barriers to entry is called ____

  • perfect competition
  • natural monopoly
  • oligopoly
  • monopolistic competition
  • monopoly
A

monopolistic competition

47
Q

Newly incorporated businesses are ____% of total businesses in the US and ____% of them fail within 6 years.

A

10/60

48
Q

Mrs. Usher discussed how rich she could have been if she had patented her idea for ____.

A

a baby stroller

49
Q

EXTRA CREDIT
The schedule of TC for a firm in a perfectly competitive market is given in the table. If the market price for this product is $37, what will this firm do in the SR if it wants to maximize profit?

A

stay open

50
Q

According to Robert Lawson’s discussion on Economic Freedom and the Health and Wealth of Nations this past monday afternoon, the US used to be ranked ____ but now it is ranked ___ in his Measure of Economic Freedom

A

3rd/17th