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GI > abdominal wall and inguinal region > Flashcards

abdominal wall and inguinal region Flashcards

1
Q

xiphoid

A

TV10

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2
Q

transtubercular line

A

through iliac crest @ LV5

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3
Q

subcostal line

A

LV3

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4
Q

umbilicus

A

LV3/4

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5
Q

transpyloric plane

A

LV1

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6
Q

supracristal plane

A

LV4

stay below this for spinal tap

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7
Q

trasumbilical line

A

LV3/4

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8
Q

transtubercular plane

A

LV5

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9
Q

interspinous plane

A

SV1

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10
Q

anterolateral abdominal wall- bones

A

LV1-5
ribs 7-12
pelvic girdle

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11
Q

anterolateral abdominal wall- superficial fascia

A

superficial fatty later (campers fascia)

deeper membranous layer (scarpa’s fascia)

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12
Q

scarpa’s fascia

A

continuous with colles and dartos’s fascia of perinerum
attaches to iliac crest, fascia lata below ingunal ligament, and pubic tubercle
the fundiform ligament is a specialization of scarps’s fascia

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13
Q

deeper fascias

A

transversalis fascia- lines all abdominal cavity deep to m layer
suberserous fascia- loose fatty CT btwn transversalis fascia and peritoneum
extraperitonal fat
peritoneum- serous membrane lines abdominopelvic cavity

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14
Q

external abdominal oblique

A

outer surfaces of ribs 5-12
anterior iliac crest via external abdominal oblique aponerosis attaching to linea alba from xiphoid to pubic symphysis
flexion of vertebral column and pelvis
compression ans support of abdominal viscera, unilateral lateral flexion and rotation to opposite side
intercostals, subcostal, and iliohypogastric

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15
Q

internal abdominal oblique

A

thoracolumbar fasica, anterior iliac crest, lateral inguinal ligament
inferior borders of ribs 9-12 via internal abdominal oblique aponeruosis to linea alba from xiphoid to pubic symphysis
flexion of VC and pelvis, compression and support of abdominal viscera, unilateral lateral flexion and same side rotation
intercostals, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal
inferior fibers five rise to cremaster mm

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16
Q

transversus abdominis

A

inner surface ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, anterior iliac crest, lateral inguinal ligament
via aponerosis to linea alba
compression and support of abdominal viscera
intercostals, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal

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17
Q

rectus abdominis

A

pubic symphysis and pubic crest
costal cartilage 5-7, xiphoid process
flexion of VC and pelvis
ventral rami T6-T12 (intercostals, subcostal)
tendinous intersections 3-4 attachements of rectus abdominis to rectus sheath

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18
Q

pyramidalis

A

pubic bone, anterior to recuts abdominis
linea alba
tenses linea alba
subcostal n

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19
Q

rectus sheath- above arcuate line

A

internal abdominal oblique aponeruosis splits into anterior and posterior laminae
anterior layer composed external and internal abdominal oblique aponeroses
posterior layer composed of internal abdominal oblique and transverus abdominis aponeruoses

20
Q

rectus sheath- below arcuate line

A

all 3 muscle aponeuoses pass anteriorly to rectus abdominis with the posterior composed only of tranversalis fascia

21
Q

supravesical fossa

A

btwn median and medial umbilical folds

supravesical hernias

22
Q

medial inguinal fossa

A

btwn medial and lateral umbilical folds

site of direct inguinal hernias

23
Q

lateral inguinal fossa

A

lateral to umbilical fold

indirect inguinal hernias

24
Q

dermatomes

A

T7-L1
T10- umbilicus
L1- iliac crest, ASIS, inguinal region, anterior scrotum/labia majora

25
Q

thoracoabdominal and subcostal nn

A

T7-T12

26
Q

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal

A

L1

27
Q

musculophrenic a

A

terminal brr of internal thoracic a

28
Q

superior epigastric

A

terminal brr of internal thoracic a
btwn rectus abdominis and posterior layer of rectus sheath
anastomose with inferior epigastric a

29
Q

inferior epigastric

A

brr of external iliac a given off medial to deep inguinal ring
ascends along anterior body wall covered with peritoneum to form the lateral umbilical fold
pierces posterior rectus sheath to anastomose with superior epigastric aa

30
Q

superficial vv drain to

A

axillary v via lateral thoracic v
internal thoracic v via musculophrenic and superior epigastric vv
femoral v via superficial epigastric and superficial circumflex iliac vv
a portal-caval anastomosis exists amongst vessels around umbilicus
throacoepigastric v is a venous anatomosis btwn lateral thoracic v and the superficial epigastric v, can be bipass if IVC blocked

31
Q

deep vv drain to

A

internal thoracic v via musculophrenic and superior epigastric v
external iliac v via inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac
IVC via lumbar vv
azygous v via posterior intercostals and subcostal vv

32
Q

superficial lymphatics

A

courses with subcutanous vv
superior to transumbilical plane -> axillary and parasternal nodes
inferiro to transumbilical plane -> superficial inguinal nodes

33
Q

deep lymphatics

A

course w/deep vessels
to external iliac nodes via channels ll to inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac
to lumbar nodes via channels ll to lumbar vessels
to parasternal nodes via channels ll to superior epigastric vessels

34
Q

lacunar ligament

A

medial fibers of inguinal ligament which attach lateral to pubic tubercle, cresent shaped ligament forms medial border of femoral canal

35
Q

pectineal ligament

A

lateral continuation of lacunar ligament fibers attaching to pectineal line of superior pubic ramus

36
Q

reflected ligament

A

continuation of superomedial fibers of inguinal ligament which attach to linea alba

37
Q

deep inguinal ring

A

entrance to inguinal canal from abdominal cavity
formed as evagination in transversis fascia
lateral to inferior epigastric arteries
direct hernias

38
Q

superficial inguinal ring

A

exit from inguinal canal into scrotum/labia majora
formed from split in fibers of external abdominal oblique aponeruosis
lateral crus- attached to pubic tubercle
medial crus- attaced to pubic crest
intercural fibers

39
Q

boundaries of inguinal canal

A

anterior- external oblique aponeruosis
floor- inguinal ligament
roof- internal oblique and transversus abdominis
posterior- transversalis fascia laterally, reinforced medially by conjoint tendon

40
Q

conjoint tendon

A

falx inguinalis
composed of inferior most fibers of internal and transversus abdominis mm
attached to pubic bone and posterior to superficial inguinal opening

41
Q

contents of inguinal canal- male

A

spermatic cors,
ilioinguinal n,
genital brr of genitofemoral n

42
Q

contents of spermatic cord

A 
dcutus deferens
testicular a
artery of ductus deferens
pampiniform plexus of vv
autonomic and lymp to testes
43
Q

coverings of testes/spermatic cord

A

skin
dartos fascia= superficial fascia of abdominal wall
external spermatic fascia= external abdominal oblique aponeruosis
cremaster m and fascia = internal abdominal oblique m
internal spermatic fascia= transversalis fascia
tunica vaginalis- evagination of periotneum

44
Q

contents of inguinal canal female

A

round ligament of uterus
ilioinguinal n
genital brr of genitofemoral n

45
Q

canal of nuck

A

rare condition where tunica vaginalis fails to close in females forming a pouch which may contain a cyst

46
Q

indirect hernia

A

2/3 of all inguinal hernias
more common in males on right side
congenital- failure of porximal processus vaginalis to close
occur in lateral inguinal fossa, lateral to inferior epigastirc vessels
herniates material passes through deep inguinal ring into inguinal canal
may extend into scrotum

47
Q

direct hernia

A

1/3 of inguinal hernias
more common in males
acquired, caused by weakness in anterior body wall posterior to superficial inguinal ring
conjoint tendon provides natural protection against hernias
occur in medial inguinal fossa (hesselsbachs triangle) medial to inferior epigastirc vessels
do not extend into scrotum

GI (14 decks)

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