16.8.2013(sanjay Pandya)

Question 0

Insensible fluid input

Answer 0

300ml water due to oxidation

Question 1

TBW

Answer 1

60% of body weight in males
50% of body weight in females
80% in newborn infants

Question 2

Insensible fluid loss

Answer 2

500ml through skin
400ml through lungs
100ml through feces

Question 3

Normal daily insensible fluid loss

Answer 3

700 ml

Question 4

Fluid lost through moderate sweating

Answer 4

500ml

Question 5

Fluid lost due to severe sweating or high fever

Answer 5

1-1.5L

Question 6

Fluid loss due to burns or laparotomy

Answer 6

0.5-3 L

Question 7

Calcium concentration is high in

Answer 7

ECF

Question 8

Major cations in ICF

Answer 8

K+

Mg+

Question 9

Equivalents

Answer 9

Moles* valence

Question 10

Conversion from mmol/L to mg/dl

Answer 10

mmol/L = mg/dl*10/atomic weight

Question 11

mEq cation or anion/gm of salt

Answer 11

Nacl-17
Kcl-13
NaHco3-12
Calcium gluconate-4
Calcium chloride-14
MgSO4-8

Question 12

Normal plasma osmolality

Answer 12

275-295 mOsm/kg

Question 13

Most physiological IV fluid

Answer 13

RL

Question 14

Composition of Ringer lactate

Answer 14

Na-130
K-4
Cl-109
Lactate-28
Ca-3

Question 15

Daily requirement of sodium

Answer 15

100mEq or 5.9g

Question 16

Volume of isotonic saline enough to provide normal requirement of sodium

Answer 16

650ml

Question 17

Amongst routinely used IV fluids max Cl content is present in

Answer 17

Isotonic saline
DNS
isolyte G(150)

Question 18

IV fluid that has maximum potassium

Answer 18

Isolyte M(35)

Question 19

Which IV fluids correct acidosis?

Answer 19

Isolyte E,P,M(acetate)
RL(lactate)

Acetate and lactate are converted to bicarbonate

Question 20

Which IV fluid directly corrects metabolic alkalosis

Answer 20

Isolyte G

Question 21

Fluids avoided in renal failure

Answer 21

Isolyte M,P,G,E(risk of Hyperkalemia)

RL(lactate not converted to bicarbonate)

Question 22

IV fluids avoided in liver failure

Answer 22

RL
Isolyte G(ammonium chloride)

Question 23

Best agent to correct intracellular dehydration

Answer 23

D5

Question 24

Amount of energy provided by 5%D

Answer 24

170 Kcal/L

Question 25

1g of hydrous dextrose supplies _______ Kcal

Answer 25

3.4

Question 26

Rx of ketosis due to starvation,diarrhoea,vomiting and high grade fever

Answer 26

5D

Question 27

Contraindications to 5D

Answer 27

Cerebral Edema Neurosurgical procedures Acute ischemic stroke

Question 28

Rate of administration of 5D

Answer 28

0.5gm/kg body weight/hr | 666ml/hr

Question 29

Inverted sugar solution

Answer 29

Half dextrose+half fructose

Question 30

Use of inverted sugar solution

Answer 30

Vomiting of pregnancy | It provides glucose in pts with liver disease

Question 31

Contraindications to NS

Answer 31

Hypertensive or preeclamptic pt CCF renal disease Cirrhosis

Question 32

Use of dextrose with half normal saline

Answer 32

Pediatric pts Early postop Maintanence fluid

Question 33

Use of DNS

Answer 33

Correction of vomiting or nasogastric aspiration induced alkalosis and hypochloremia

Question 34

Fluid of choice for initial treatment of diarrhoea induced dehydration

Answer 34

RL

Question 35

Drugs that become ineffective when mixed with RL

Answer 35

Ampicillin AmphotericinB Thiopental Ca in RL binds to these drugs

Question 36

Contraindications to RL

Answer 36

``` Severe liver disease Severe CCF Addison Severe metabolic acidosis Blood transfusion ```

Question 37

Osmolality of 5D

Answer 37

252mosm/kg

Question 38

Hypotonic solutions

Answer 38

Osmolality less than 240mosm/kg

Question 39

Hypertonic solutions

Answer 39

Osmolality more than 340 mosm/kg

Question 40

Use of normal saline

Answer 40

``` Shock Metabolic alkalosis Hypercalcemia Hyponatremia Blood transfusions Resuscitation Fluid challenges DKA ```

Question 41

Fluid of choice in addisonian crisis

Answer 41

DNS