17

Question 1

behavior allows organisms to control _________ in environment

Answer 1

position

Question 2

ways for micro organisms to move

Answer 2

flagella
gliding
swimming limbs
undulating body

Question 3

explain how cyanobacteria can move in the water column

Answer 3

fill/empty gas vesicles to change buyonancy

Question 4

what is chemotaxis q

Answer 4

move towards areas with improved resources

Question 5

trait mediated interactions vs density mediated interactions. give an example of each

Answer 5

trait mediated interactions - evolved traits in response to selective pressure associated with interaction (prey evolve stronger defense structure in response to predation

Density-mediated interactions = changes in population of one species in response to another species (vertical migration of Daphne’s if there’s lots of predatorsabove)

Question 6

What is themicrobial loop?

Answer 6

Microbial food web important to nutrient cycling and energy transfer

Question 7

Microbial loop ______ remineralization of ‘ nutrients

Answer 7

Accelerates

Question 8

consumption of _____ links microbial loop to macro food web

Answer 8

plankton cells

Question 9

rate of consumption depends on

Answer 9

concentration of particles
quality of particles
size of particles
temperature of environment
particle defense mechanism (if alive)
mechanism of big guys to eat small guys

Question 10

difference between traditional food web and food web with microbial loop

Answer 10

regular food web just shows linear A eats B and eventually they die and naturally decompose

webs with the microbial loop show that micro orgisms eat larger organisms to decompose them themselves

Question 11

4 ways that macro organisms eat micro organisms and definition of each

Answer 11

scrappers = scrape biofilm off surfaces
shredders = eat microbes and detritus surface they live on (microbe living on leaf)
collector-gatherers = very picky, only eat or assimilate what they want
filter feeders = filter food from water

Question 12

examples of passive and active filter feeders. what’s the difference between those two.

Answer 12

passive = stand in place and open your mouth for flowing water to bring food to you = black flies
active = you have to swim to make your own water flow (get tired faster so need to eat more) = mussels

Question 13

scraper, shredder, collector-gatherer and filter feeders. which one is considered to be a :”herbivore”

Answer 13

scraper

Question 14

adaptations that microbes have to avoid predation

Answer 14

indigestability
poor nutrient value or releases toxins when a big guy tries to eat them
spines and other physical defenses

Question 15

in order to avoid predation, the strategies of adapting have an ______ cost

Answer 15

energy cost

Question 16

many filter feeders live in rivers and streams because

Answer 16

flowing water = water sent right into filter feeders mouths