17 & 18

Question 1

any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system of body
caused by microbes

Answer 1

disease

Question 2

establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host, resulting in injury to the host
caused by pathogenic organisms

Answer 2

infection

Question 3

people who carry bacteria without evidence of infection are

Answer 3

colonized

Question 4

types of pathogens

Answer 4

bacteria
viruses
fungi
parasitic protozoa

Question 5

lack nuclei and membrane bound organelles

Answer 5

prokaryotes

Question 6

staying technique to classify bacteria

Answer 6

gram staining

Question 7

microscopic single called organisms
contains both DNA & RNA
produces endospores

Answer 7

bacteria

Question 8

microscopic, single cell. Cannot live outside a living cell, not affected by antibiotics

Answer 8

viruses

Question 9

size of virus may vary from __ to ___ nm

Answer 9

20-250

Question 10

direct observation of a virus is possible only through an

Answer 10

electron microscope

Question 11

eukaryotic (has nucleus and membrane bound organelles) , much larger than bacteria

Answer 11

fungi

Question 12

two forms of fungi

Answer 12

yeast and molds

Question 13

medically important fungi are called

Answer 13

dimorphic

Question 14

organisms are neither plant nor animal , larger than bacteria, classified by their motility

Answer 14

parasitic protozoa

Question 15

establishment of infectious disease

Answer 15

encounter
entry
spread
multiplication
damage
outcome

Question 16

the growth in microbe numbers as a function of mitosis

Answer 16

multiplication

Question 17

disease results in any three outcomes -

Answer 17

host gains control & eliminates it
infectious agent overcomes host
host and infectious agent compromise

Question 18

routes for disease transmission

Answer 18

air
droplet
contact

Question 19

infection acquired by a person before he or she enters a health care facility

Answer 19

community acquired infection

Question 20

blood borne pathogens

Answer 20

HIV
HBV

Question 21

disease causing microorganisms present in human blood, considered nosocomial

Answer 21

blood borne pathogens

Question 22

human immunodeficiency virus

Answer 22

HIV

Question 23

hepatitis B virus

Answer 23

HBV

Question 24

may be asymptomatic after exposure to HIV for as long as

Answer 24

10 years

Question 25

may take up to _____ for results of blood test to become positive for HIV antibodies

Answer 25

1 year

Question 26

primarily affects liver , resulting in swelling, soreness, and loss of normal function of liver

Answer 26

HBV

Question 27

internal mechanisms of the body

Answer 27

mechanical barriers chemical processes cellular processes

Question 28

external mechanisms of the body

Answer 28

hand washing immunizations chemotherapeutic agents

Question 29

practice ____ in medical imaging

Answer 29

biosafety

Question 30

two classes of asepsis

Answer 30

surgical & medical

Question 31

the removal of or destruction of infected material

Answer 31

medical asepsis

Question 32

protection against infection before during and after a surgical procedure by using sterile techniques

Answer 32

surgical asepsis

Question 33

microorganism free area that can receive sterile supplies

Answer 33

sterile field

Question 34

first step in using a sterile drape

Answer 34

confirming the package is sterile

Question 35

what is considered unsterile

Answer 35

appears previously opened or expiration date has passed

Question 36

microorganism free area with clean and dry materials only, can receive sterile supplies

Answer 36

sterile field

Question 37

a sterile field is established using a

Answer 37

sterile drape

Question 38

how do you drop sterile contents onto the the sterile field

Answer 38

about 6 inches above the field and at a slight angle

Question 39

how to pour sterile fluids into the basin

Answer 39

at edge of the field about 1-2 inches above container

Question 40

two basic methods of surgical scrubbing

Answer 40

numbered strokes & timed method

Question 41

who is responsible for ordering dressing changes and reapplication

Answer 41

the physician

Question 42

an operation performed under sterile technique that involves incising the skin over the trachea and then making a surgical incision in the trachea - provides for an airway during upper airway obstruction

Answer 42

tracheostomy

Question 43

also known as thoracostomy tubes

Answer 43

chest tubes

Question 44

insertion sites for thoracostomy vary, usually inserted in

Answer 44

5th to 6th intercostal space ** can be as high at 4th or as low as 8th

Question 45

exterior assembly of the chest tube must always remain ____ than patients chest

Answer 45

lower than

Question 46

for a chest tube you should report drainage in excess of

Answer 46

100 mL/ hour and changes from serous fluid to a dark red color

Question 47

two main types of urinary catheters

Answer 47

retention balloon (Foley) straight type

Question 48

catheter placement

Answer 48

tip of catheter in urinary bladder cavity catheter tubing taped to inside of leg

Question 49

electromechanical devices inserted under the patients skin to regulate the heart rate

Answer 49

permanent pacemakers

Question 50

maintaining a sterile field with C arm methods

Answer 50

snap cover bag over image receptor shower curtain drape barrier over surgery site during imaging - less common