1.7 The circulatory system (ppt)

Question 1

What are the two main components of blood?

Answer 1

• Plasma (55%)
• Cells (45%)

Question 2

What is plasma primarily composed of?

Answer 2

90% water

Question 3

What types of cells are found in blood?

Answer 3

• Red blood cells (RBC)
• White blood cells (WBC)
• Platelets

Question 4

What is the primary function of platelets?

Answer 4

Help blood clot

Question 5

What protein do platelets produce to form a blood clot?

Answer 5

Fibrin

Question 6

What happens when a break occurs in a capillary wall?

Answer 6

Clumping of platelets and release of thromboplastin

Question 7

What does thromboplastin convert prothrombin into?

Answer 7

Thrombin

Question 8

What is the function of thrombin in blood clotting?

Answer 8

Converts fibrinogen into fibrin

Question 9

What is the shape of red blood cells?

Answer 9

Biconcave

Question 10

What is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Answer 10

Oxygen binds to the hemoglobin.
Carbon dioxide dissolves in the blood.
This allows the blood cells to transport gases through the blood.

Question 11

Which artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?

Answer 11

Pulmonary artery

Question 12

Which vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Answer 12

Pulmonary vein

Question 13

Why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right?

Answer 13

It pumps blood to all organs except the lungs

Question 14

What are the four valves of the heart?

Answer 14

• Tricuspid valve
• Pulmonary valve
• Mitral valve
• Aortic valve

Question 15

What is the function of valves in veins?

Answer 15

Prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction

Question 16

What is the primary function of white blood cells?

Answer 16

Fight off infection

Question 17

What components are dissolved in plasma?

Answer 17

• Proteins
• Minerals
• Salts
• Glucose
• Amino acids
• Cell waste products

Question 18

What percentage of extracellular fluid returns to capillaries at the venule end?

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

What are lymph vessels responsible for?

Answer 19

Picking up excess extracellular fluid

Question 20

What is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 20

The sequence of events of a heartbeat

Question 21

How thick are capillary walls?

Answer 21

One cell thick

Question 22

What is the function of capillaries?

Answer 22

Exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes between blood and tissues

Question 23

What are the three types of blood vessels?

Answer 23

• Arteries
• Capillaries
• Veins

Question 24

What is unique about the double circulation system in humans?

Answer 24

Blood passes through the heart twice per circulation

Question 25

What does pulmonary circulation do?

Answer 25

Carries blood to the lungs and back to the heart

Question 26

What does systemic circulation do?

Answer 26

Carries blood to the body and back to the heart

Question 27

What is the overall function of the circulatory system?

Answer 27

Transport materials throughout the body

Question 28

What is the size of the human heart?

Answer 28

About the size of a clenched fist

Question 29

What type of muscle makes up the heart?

Answer 29

Cardiac muscle

Question 30

What are the two upper chambers of the heart called?

Answer 30

Atria

Question 31

What are the two lower chambers of the heart called?

Answer 31

Ventricles

Question 32

What happens when the right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood?

Answer 32

It flows into the right ventricle

Question 33

What is the role of the right ventricle?

Answer 33

Forces blood out of the heart to the lungs

Question 34

What is the function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

Answer 34

Join into larger vessels that form veins