Chapter 2 Flashcards
American Nurse Association
the national professional association of registered nurses in the United States, founded in 1896.
American Public Health Association
a national organization founded in 1872 to facilitate interdisciplinary efforts and to promote the health of the public.
American Red Cross
a national organization that seeks to reduce human suffering through various health, safety, and disaster relief programs in affiliation with the International Committee of the Red Cross.
district nursing
the style of public health nursing organization in which a nurse is assigned to a geographic area to provide a wide variety of nursing services. This generalized approach to practice contrasts with a specialist approach in which several nurses may visit in the same home for different purposes.
district nursing association
a term used by William Rathbone for the organization that provided district nurses.
Florence Nightingale
considered to be the founder of nursing. She led a mission to the Crimean War and developed nursing procedures and care in the British hospitals in Scutari. She wrote the first texts on nursing and founded a movement of Nightingale training schools for nurses.
Frontier Nursing Service
a rural nursing service founded in 1925 by Mary Breckinridge in Kentucky as the Kentucky Committee for Mothers and Babies. The FNS influenced the development of nurse midwifery in the United States.
Lillian Wald
the first public health nurse in the United States and a social reformer whose influence established the context for community and public health nursing. She founded the Henry Street Settlement in New York in 1893, whose health services later became the Visiting Nurse Service of New York.
Mary Breckinridge
established the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) to emulate systems of care used in the Highlands & islands of Scotland. The unique pioneering spirit of the FNS influenced development of public health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural & often inaccessible populations in the Appalachian region of southeastern Kentucky. She introduced the first nurse-midwives into the U.S. when she deployed FNS nurses trained in nursing, public health, & midwifery. Their efforts led to reduced pregnancy complications & maternal mortality, & to one-third fewer stillbirths.
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company
with assistance from Lillian Wald, instituted the first community health program for employees in 1909. It also began a cooperative program with visiting nurse associations to provide care for sick policy holders.
National League for Nursing
a national organization for nurses that is composed of nurses and consumers and was created in 1952 with the closure of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing and other professional nursing organizations.
National Organization for Public Health Nursing
an early organization for public health nurses, founded in 1912. It was dissolved in 1952, and many of its functions were distributed primarily to the National League for Nursing.
Official (health) agencies
a government agency addressing health services, health planning, and/or health policy at the city, county, state, or federal level.
settlement houses
neighborhood-based and population-centered services for health and social services, such as Chicago’s Hull House, founded by Jane Addams. Many were built in urban areas to serve immigrant and poor working-class neighborhoods.
Sheppard-Towner Act
officially the Maternity and Infancy Act of 1921, the act provided federal matching funds to establish maternal and child health divisions in state health departments. It was ended in 1929 in response to concerns by organized medicine that it gave too much power to the federal government and too closely resembled socialized medicine.
