Unit 3 - Digestive System, intestines

Question 1

The small intestines is a long convoluted tube measuring between __ - __ metres in length in a living adult?

Answer 1

3 - 4 metres. approx 6 -7 in a cadaver due to loss of muscle tone.

Question 2

The name “small” relates to the width which is?

Answer 2

2.5 - 4cms.

Question 3

Most food digestion & absorption of nutrients & waters occur where?

Answer 3

The small intestine.

Question 4

What is the name of the first part of the small intestine?

Answer 4

The duodenum. extends approx 12 finger widths or 25 cms.

Question 5

What is the name of the 2nd part or middle part of the small intestine?

Answer 5

Jejunum - (latin for empty) approx 1.5 - metres long & coiled.

Question 6

What is the name of the 3rd part or terminal or distal part of the small intestine?

Answer 6

ileum - (latin twisted) - approx 3.5 metres long.

Question 7

How wide & longer is the large intestine (large bowel)?

Answer 7

width is approx 6.5cm & length approx 1.5 m. It is wider & shorter than the small intestine.

Question 8

The large intestine extends from the …… (2 words) to the ……..?

Answer 8

ileocaecal value to the anus. Its major function is to absorb most of the remaining water from the indigestible residue.

Question 9

Which vitamin is essential for blood coagulation?

Answer 9

Vitamin K.

Question 10

Large intestine - What is the circular muscle between then ileum & the caecum called?

Answer 10

ileocaecal value.

Question 11

Waste from the ileum passes through the ileocaecal value into the ……. which in turn passes into the colon.

Answer 11

caecum. is approx 6 cm long & 7.5 cm wide. the caecum is continuous with the colon. (no valves or sphincters)

Question 12

What worm like structure is attached to the caecum?

Answer 12

Appendix. approx 7-10 cms. Contains lymphoid tissue & helps the immune syst boost the large intest. immunity to certain foods & drugs.

Question 13

Absorption of waters & vitamins, and compaction of faeces is done where?

Answer 13

In the colon.

Question 14

First part of the colon is the?

Answer 14

Ascending colon.

Question 15

Ascending colon goes from the …… to the ….. flexure?

Answer 15

caecum to the hepatic flexure where it bends at a right angle.

Question 16

Transverse colon goes from the …… across to the ……. flexure near the spleen?

Answer 16

hepatic flexure across to the splenic flexure.

Question 17

Descending colon goes from the ……. flexure where the colon bends at a right angle down to the ……… colon.

Answer 17

from the splenic flexure down to the sigmoid colon.

Question 18

What is the narrowest part of the colon?

Answer 18

Sigmoid colon - 2.5 cm in diameter.

Question 19

What is the temporary holding space for faeces called?

Answer 19

Rectum. its is 10cm long in an adult & extends from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal.

Question 20

What is the terminal part of the large intestine (2nd last part)?

Answer 20

Anal canal - extending from the anorectal junction to the anus. approx 2.5 - 4cm in adults.

Question 21

Name of the opening of the alimentary tract to the exterior thru which faeces is expelled?

Answer 21

Anus.