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IDMM > General Bacteria > Flashcards

General Bacteria Flashcards

Know characteristics, pathogenicity, clinical significance and classes of bacteria

1
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Gm+ aerobic
Catalase +
Pathogenicity: TSST1, enterotoxins
Clin Sig: SSTI, necrotizing fasciitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, CF pneumonia, diarrhea

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2
Q

Staphylococcus epidermis (coagulase negative staph)

A

Gm+ aerobic
Catalase +
Pathogenicity: Biofilm Production
Clin Sig: nosocomial blood stream infection associated with IV catheters, prosthetic material infections

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3
Q

Group A Streptococcus (pyogenes)

A 
Gm+ aerobic 
Catalase - 
Beta-hemolytic
Pathogenicity: streptolysin O&S
Clin Sig: Pharyngitis, necrotizing fasciitis, rheumatic fever, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS)
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4
Q

Group B Streptococcus (agalactiae)

A 
Gm+ aerobic
Catalase - 
Beta-hemolytic 
Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule 
Clin Sig: early onset neonatal disease (pneumonia, sepsis), late onset neonatal disease (meningitis, sepsis)
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5
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A 
Gm+ aerobic 
Catalase - 
alpha-hemolytic 
Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule 
Clin Sig: community acquired pneumonia (CAP), otitis media, conjunctivitis, meningitis
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6
Q

Streptococcus mitis

A 
Gm+ aerobic 
Catalse - 
alpha-hemolytic
Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule 
Clin Sig: native valve endocarditis, bacteremia
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7
Q

Enterococci (non-hemolytic)

A

Gm+ aerobic
Catalase -
Pathogenicity: surface adhesins
Clin Sig: UTIs, endocarditis, nosocomial VRE

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8
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

A 
Gm+ aerobic 
Bacilli, rods
Catalase + 
Pathogenicity: diphtheria toxin 
Clin Sig: Diphtheria (pharyngeal)
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9
Q

Corynebacterium jeikeium

A 
Gm+ aerobic 
Bacilli, rods
Catalase + 
Pathogenicity: unknown 
Clin Sig: Foreign-body infections (
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10
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

Gm+ aerobic
Single or short chain rods, non-branching
Catalase +, motile
Pathogenicity: Hemolysin
Clin Sig: Gastroenteritis, meningitis/encephalitis, pregnancy: abortion/stillbirth/preterm labor, bloodstream/sepsis (acc. to diagram)

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11
Q

Peptostreptococcus spp.

A

Gm+ anaerobic cocci
non-spore forming
Pathogenicity: unknown
Clin Sig: mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacterial infections including cutaneous, respiratory, oral or female pelvic infections

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12
Q

Actinomyces israelii

A

Gm+ anaerobic bacilli
Branching, filamentous
Pathogenicity: unknown
Clin Sig: Oral/cervicofacial infection (Sinus tracts), pelvic infections (PID)

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13
Q

Clostridium tetani

A 
Gm+ anaerobic bacilli
Straight rods 
Spores 
Pathogenicity: Tetanus toxin 
Clin Sig: Tetanus (systemic)
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14
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A 
Gm+ anaerobic bacilli 
Blunt end rods (Box car shaped) 
Spores
Pathogenicity: alpha toxin, enterotoxins
Clin Sig: Gas gangrene, diarrhea/bloody, acute necrotizing GI infection
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15
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A 
Gm+ anaerobic bacilli 
Straight/curved rods
spores
Pathogenicity: neurotoxin 
Clin Sig: botulism (Flaccid paralysis)
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16
Q

Clostridium difficile

A 
Gm+ anaerobic bacilli 
Straight rods
spores
Pathogenicity: Toxin A and Toxin B 
Clin Sig: Diarrhea (abx or hospital/nosocomial acquired)
17
Q

Escherichia coli (Enterobacteriaceae)

A

Gm- facultative anaerobic (fermenter)
oxidase negative
Rods
Pathogenicity: endotoxin, exotoxin, capsule, pili
Clin Sig: Meningitis in newborns, UTIs, GI infection

18
Q

Enterobacter spp. (Enterobacteriaceae)

A

Gm- facultative anaerobic (fermenter)
oxidase negative
Rods
Pathogenicity: exotoxin, endotoxin, capsule
Clin Sig: UTIs, nosocomial infections, blood infections

19
Q

Salmonella spp. (Enterobacteriaceae)

A 
Gm- facultative anaerobic (fermenter)
oxidase negative
Rods
Pathogenicity: Adhesion proteins, survival in phagocytes, dissemination to other tissues
Clin Sig: GI infection, bacteremia
20
Q

Proteus spp. (Enterobacteriaceae)

A

Gm- facultative anaerobic (fermenter)
oxidase negative
Rods
Pathogenicity: exotoxin, endotoxin, capsules, adhesion proteins
Clin Sig: UTIs, Nosocomial infections, blood infections

21
Q

Vibrio cholera

A

Gm- facultative anaerobic (fermenter)
oxidase positive
Rods
Pathogenicity: Somatic O antigens, Exotoxins
Clin Sig: Cholera (GI infection) - rice water stool

22
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Gm- aerobic non-fermenter
oxidase positive
Diplococci
Pathogenicity: Uncertain, Cell envelop adhesion factors
Clin Sig: community acquired pneumonia (CAP)

23
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Gm- aerobic non-fermenter
oxidase positive
Slender bacilli, grape-like odour, metallic sheen
Pathogenicity: otitis externa, pneumonia in CF, ventilator acquired pneumonia, UTI, diabetic foot ulcer

24
Q

Haemophilus influenzae

A

Gm- fastidious
Coccobacilli/short rods
Oxidase positive
Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule, outer membrane protein
Clin Sig: meningitis, epiglottis, conjunctivitis, otitis media, pneumonia

25
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A 
Gm- fastidious 
Diplococci 
Oxidase positive 
Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule, outer membrane protein
Clin Sig: meningitis
26
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Gm- fastidious
Diplococci
Oxidase positive
Pathogenicity: pili, capsule, proteases, adherence proteins
Clin Sig: Gonorrhea, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis

27
Q

Bacteroides fragilis

A

Gm- anaerobic
Straight bacilli, pale staining
Pathogenicity: capsules, endotoxins, enzymes
Clin Sig: abscesses throughout, bacteremia, aspiration pneumonia

IDMM (8 decks)

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