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Hem/Onc > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the vector for yellow fever?

A

mosquitos (aedes aegypti)

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2
Q

The yellow fever virus belongs to which class of virsuses?

A

flaviviridae

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3
Q

What geographical locations are at risk for yellow fever?

A

Africa, central and south america, and the carribean

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4
Q

What is the vector for the “jungle” yellow fever, from the Haemagogus virus?

A

Monkeys to humans

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5
Q

What is the clinical manifestation why we call yellow fever “yellow?”

A

Jaundice

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6
Q

After 5 days, what are the coagulation defects that occur in yellow fever?

A

Prothrombin deficiency –> hematemesis and melena

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7
Q

What is the type of vaccine available for yellow fever?

A

Live attenuated 17D yellow fever vaccine

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8
Q

What is the vector for Dengue fever?

A

Mosquito

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9
Q

What geographical locations does Dengue fever exist?

A

SE asia
Pacific
India
South and central america

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10
Q

What is the mosquito that is the principal human vector for the transmission of Dengue fever?

A

A. aegypti

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11
Q

In which cells does Dengue fever replicate?

A

Monocytes

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12
Q

In addition to a flu-like illness, what skin conditon can occur in Dengue fever?

A

Maculopapular/erythmatous rash

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13
Q

This is the type of Dengue fever disease where there is vascular damage, shock, and hemorrhage everywhere.

A

Dengue Hemorrhagic fever (DHF)

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14
Q

What reinfection must occur to cause DHF?

A

reinfection with a different serotype than the original infection

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15
Q

Reinfection froma different serotype in DHF causes what molecules to bind to the virus and enchance its ability to infect monocytes?

A

Antibodies from the previous virus infection

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16
Q

This is the virus spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito that causes an illness similar to Dengue but polyarthritis is very common and retro-orbital pain is rare.

A

Chikungunya virus

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17
Q

Where in the world is Chikungunya virus?

A

Africa
Asia

(there was an outbreak in Italy in 2007)

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18
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in the Atlantic gulf states of the USA, and is spread by Aedes mosquitos.

A

Eastern equine encephalitis (alphavirus)

EEE

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19
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found west of the mississippi the USA and is spread by Culex mosquitos.

A

Western equine encephalitis (alphavirus)

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20
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in Africa, Europe, central asia, and USA, and is spread by Culex mosquitos.

A

West nile encephalitis (flavivirus)

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21
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in Southern, Central, and Western states, and is spread by the Culex mosquitos.

A

St. louis encephalitis (flavivirus)

characterisitcs look a lot like WEE

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22
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, NEGATIVE stranded, enveloped, helic nucleocapsid, found in Northern and central USA states, and is spread by the Aedes mosquitos.

A

California enephalitis (bunyavirus)

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23
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in Far East and South East Asia, and is spread by Culex mosquitos.

A

Japanese encephalitis (flavivirus)

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24
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in Australia, and is spread by Culex mosquitos.

A

Murray valley encephalitis (flavivirus)

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25
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in Eastern europe, and is spread by a TICK.

A

Tick-borne encephalitis.

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26
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in Southern USA, central and south america, and is spread by mosquitos.

A

Venezuelan encephalitis (alpha virus)

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27
Q

This is the encephalitis virus that is ssRNA, + stranded, enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid, found in USA and canada, and is spread by ticks.

A

Powassan (flavivirus)

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28
Q

Yellow fever, Dengue, Kyasnur forest, Ross river, Rift valley fever, Sandfly fever, Congo-crimean hemorrhagic fever, Colorago tick fever, and La cross all have what in common?

A

They’re all Arboviruses

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29
Q

All arbovirsuses are ssRNA, +stranded and are enveloped except which one? What’s different about it?

A

Colorado tick fever

dsRNA, NON-enveloped

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30
Q

Yellow fever, Dengue, Kyasnur forest, Ross river, and Colorado tick fever have what type of nucleocapsid?

A

Icosahedral nucleocapsid

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31
Q

so what is the nucelocapsid of Rift valley fever, Congo-crimean hemorrhagic fever, and La cross?

A

helical nueleocapsid

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32
Q

Where is Kyasnur forest (flavivirus)? Vector?

A

India

tick

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33
Q

Where is Ross river (alphavirus)? Vector?

A

Australia, pacific islands

mosquito

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34
Q

Where is rift valley fever (bunyavirus)? Vector?

A

Aftrica

mosquito

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35
Q

Where is Sandfly fever (bunyavirus)? Vector?

A

Asia, south america, mediterranean

sandlflies

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36
Q

Where is Congo-Crimean hemorrhagive fever (bunyavirus)? Vector?

A

Asia, africa

tick

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37
Q

Where is La crosse (bunyavirus)? Vector?

A

USA

mosquito

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38
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- R. rickettsii
Vector- tick
Reservoir- ticks, wild rodents

A

Rocky mountain spotted fever

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39
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- R. akari
Vector- Mite
Reservoir- mites, wild rodents

A

Rickettsialpox

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40
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- O. tsutsugamushi
Vector- mite
Reservoir- mites, wild rodents

A

Scrub typhus

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41
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- R. prowazekii
Vector- Louse
Reservoir- Humans, squirrel fleas, FLYING SQUIRRELS

A

Epidemic typhus

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42
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- R. typhi
Vector- Flea
Reservoir- Wild rodents

A

Murine typhus

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43
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii
Vector- Tick
Reservoir- Deer, small mammals

A

Ehrlichiosis

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44
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- A. phagocytophilum
Vector- tick
Reservoir- deer, small mammals

A

Anaplasmosis

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45
Q

This is the disease from:

Organism- C. burnetii
Vector- none
Reservoir- cattle, sheep, goats, cats

A

Q fever

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46
Q

This is the test for Rickettsial disease that causes antibodies to the rickettsiae to cross-react with the O antigen polysaccharide of various strains of Proteus vulgaris.

A

Weil-Felix agglutination test

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47
Q

What is the DOC for rickettsial disease?

A

tetracyclines (eg doxycycline)

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48
Q

You shouldnt give tetracyclines to kids <9 y/o unless they have which rickettsial disease?

A

RMSF

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49
Q

What is the DOC for rickettsial diseases in pregnant women?

A

Chloramphenicol

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50
Q

What is the path of the rash in RMSF?

A

inwards: starts on the palms/soles and spreads towards the torso

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51
Q

What is the path of the rash in epidemic typhus (r. prowazekii)?

A

outward: torso –> extremities

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52
Q

Epidemic typhus is spread by R. prowazekii and is associated with what?

A

Poverty and war cuz it’s spread by lice

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53
Q

In addition to the outward spreading rash in Acute epidemic typhus, what is the Sx at 1 week?

A

Flu-like Sx

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54
Q

Why is there a high mortality rate in acute epidemic typhus?

A

due to peripheral vascular collapse or secondary bacterial PNA

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55
Q

What are the neurological manifestations of acute epidemic typhus?

A

Severe meningoencephalitis with delirium and coma

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56
Q

This is the type of epidemic typhus where there rickettsiae are not eliminated from the body, allowing the infection to reactivate as much as 50 years later.

A

Convalescent Epidemic typhus

Brill-Zinnser disease

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57
Q

What is the G- spirochete to cause epidemic (louse-borne) relapsing fever?

A

Borrelia recurrentis

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58
Q

After the bacteria multiple in the louse, they enter the body through a would when what happens in Epidemic louse-borne relapsing fever?

A

when the louse bites are rubbed and the lice are crushed.

wash yer hands!

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59
Q

What is the mortality rate in Epidemic louse-borne relapsing fever?

A

40%

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60
Q

What is the vector for ENdemic relapsing fever?

A

Tick bites

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61
Q

For Endemic (tick-borne) relapsing fever, what is the reservoir?

A

Rodents

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62
Q

The soft ticks in Endemic (tick-borne) relapsing fever are of what genus (think rustic cabins out West with mice).

A

Ornithodoros

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63
Q

What is the mortality rate of Endemic (tick-borne) relapsing fever?

A

< 5%

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64
Q

Which type of relapsing fever (epidemic or endemic) is this indicative of:

repeated febrile episodes ( week of incubation, 3-5 days of fever, wk of afebrile, etc) due to antigenic variation in the spirochetes

A

Trick question. Both epidemic and endemic cause the same Sx.

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65
Q

How many relapsing episodes are there usually in relapsing fever?

A

3-10

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66
Q

True or False: each relapsing episode in relapsing fever are less severe than the previous.

A

True!

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67
Q

Though the body makes Ab’s against Borrelia to fight the infection, what happens to the bacteria to cause the relapsing fever?

A

Antigenic variation of the plasmids

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68
Q

What is the test for relapsing fever for the Dx?

A

Giemsa-stained blood smears taken during the febrile period

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69
Q

What is the DOC for relapsing fever?

A

Tetracycline

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70
Q

What is this disease?

Vector- Ixodes ticks
Reservoir- rodents and deer
Organism- B. burdorferi

A

Lyme disease

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71
Q

What are the early clinical manifestations of Lyme disease after 1 week?

A

Fever, headache, myalgia, lymphadenopathy and Erythema migrans at the bite.

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72
Q

What happens to the erythema migrans in the late clinical manifestation of Lyme disease?

A

Enlarges but reamins red and flat with clear center

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73
Q

What are the neurological, cardiac, and rheumatological late clinical manifestations of Lyme disease?

A

Neuro- meningitis, enchephalitis, and peripheral neuropathy
Cardiac- heart block and myocarditis
Rheum- arthralgia and arthritis with immune comollexes for months-years.

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74
Q

What is the medium for the Dx of Lyme disease in the early-stage?

A

NSK medium

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75
Q

Why can’t you culture Lyme disease in the late stage, so you have to base it off of clinical presentation?

A

It can’t been seen during the late stage.

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76
Q

What is the specific assay test u can do for the Dx of Lyme disease?

A

ELISA with Western blot

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77
Q

Which Ab’s are detected 3-6 weeks after infection and which at a later stage for Lyme disease?

A

IgM at 3-6 and IgG later

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78
Q

What are the 2 DOC for early Lyme disease?

A

Doxycylcine or Amoxicillin

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79
Q

An IV of what antibiotic for 30 days will be needed for the Tx of late Lyme disease?

A

Ceftriaxone

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80
Q

What are the WBC’s affected by Ehrlichia and Anaplasma?

A

Granulocytes, monocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets.

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81
Q

What is the disaease caused by Ehrlichiosis?

A

Human monocytic Ehrlichiosis (E. chaffeensis)

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82
Q

What are the WBC’s affected by Ehrlichosis?

A

Monocytes

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83
Q

What are the Sx of Ehrlichiosis after 1-3 weeks?

A

flu-like Sx with high fever, headache, malaise, and myalgias with possible rash

84
Q

What are the blood labs like after 1-3 weeks in Ehrlichiosis?

A

Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated serum transaminases

85
Q

What are the diagnostic methods of choice for Ehrlichiosis?

A

Serology and DNA probe tests

86
Q

What is the DOC for Ehrlichiosis?

A

Doxycycline

87
Q

What is the disease that works kinda like Ehrlichiosis but infects GRANULOCYTES instead of monocytes?

A

Anaplasmosis

88
Q

What are the Sx of Anaplasmosis 5-11 days after exposure?

A

Flu-like illness with high fever, headache, malaise and myalgia (same as ehrlichiosis)

89
Q

Why is Anaplasmosis more severe? What happens to macrophages?

A

Macrophages are activated

90
Q

True or False: Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis have the same diagnostic and treatment methods.

A

True

91
Q

Matching! Match 1-4 with A-D. What are the following vectors for each disease?

A. Rickettsial
B. Lyme disease
C. Babesiosis
D. Ehrlichiosis/anaplasmosis

  1. Inhalation, consuming milk
  2. Hard ticks
  3. Amblyyomma americanum and Ixodes species
  4. Ixodid ticks
A

1-A
2-B
3-D
4-C

92
Q

Match 1-4 with A-D. What are the following reservoirs for each disease?

A. Rickettsial
B. Lyme disease
C. Babesiosis
D. Ehrlichiosis/anaplasmosis

  1. Animals (deep, cattle, and rodents)
  2. White footed mouse and white tailed deer
  3. White tailed deer, white footed mouse, dogs, foxes, coyotes, and wolves
  4. Mammals, birds, and ticks
A

1-C
2-B
3-D
4-A

93
Q

Match 1-4 with A-D. What are the following Sx/conditions for each disease?

A. Rickettsial
B. Lyme disease
C. Babesiosis
D. Ehrlichiosis/anaplasmosis

  1. Q fever
  2. Relapsing fever and erythema migrans
  3. General malaise, fever w/o periodicy, progress to renal failure/hepatomegaly,
  4. Monocytic and granulocytic disease
A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. C
  4. D
94
Q

Match 1-4 with A-D. What are the following diagnosis methods for each disease?

A. Rickettsial
B. Lyme disease
C. Babesiosis
D. Ehrlichiosis/anaplasmosis

  1. Serology and DNA probe
  2. Isolation of organism or Dx levels of IgM or IgG.
  3. Serology by detecting Ab response to phase I and phase II Ag
  4. Exam blood smear-method of choice and serology tests
A
  1. D
  2. B
  3. A
  4. C
95
Q

True or False: you begin to start to feel Sx of general malaise during the pre-erythocyte stage of Plasmodium infections.

A

False.

This stage is symptomless

96
Q

After the sporozoites are injected from the mosquito saliva and into the blood, where do they mature for a couple weeks?

A

Parenchymal cells of the liver

97
Q

After maturing in the liver, what are they called as the Plasmodium re-enters the bloodstream?

A

Merozoites

98
Q

Some Plasmodium remains dormant as hypozoites, which can lead to what problem of malaria?

A

Relapses

99
Q

In order to mature during the asexual blood stage, the merozoites enter the RBC and then turn into what to make more merozoites?

A

Trophozotes –> schizont –> merozoites

100
Q

In the sexual stage, what do merozoites turn into so they can be taken up by the mosquito again?

A

Male and female gametocytes

101
Q

Give the path of gametocytes –> sporozoites again in the mosquito.

A

Gametocytes enter the gut –> male gametocytes exglagellates –> male fertilizes female gametocytes –> zygote –> invasion of the gut mucosa –> oocyst –> sporozoites –> salivary glands of the mosquito.

102
Q

What are the 4 genetic conditions where u can have resistance to malaria?

A

Duffy Ag (P. vivax resistance)
HbS
B-thallassemia
G6PD defeciency

103
Q

What are the Sx to malaria infections following rupture of erythocytic schizonts?

A

Fluctuating fever and drenching sweats,

104
Q

What strain of malaria shows 72 hours of periotic fever, where the others show 48?

A

P. malariae

105
Q

Which malarial strains are self-limiting if infection doesnt occur?

A

P. vivax, ovale, and maleriae

106
Q

How often are the fevers in P falciparum?

A

Daily (in the evening)

107
Q

What are the systemic problems with malarial infections?

A

Hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, jaundice

108
Q

Which malarial strain is the most virulent and kills u in the first 2 weeks?

A

P. falciparum

109
Q

Which Plasmodia strain can cause nephrotic syndrome?

A

P. malaria

110
Q

Which Plasmodium strain is severe in kids and pregnant chicks, and can cause cerebral malaria, szrs, coma, anemia, lactic acidosis and acute renal failure with acute tubular necrosis?

A

P. falciparium

111
Q

What is the DOC for malaria?

A

IV artesunate

112
Q

Quinolones are contraindicated in what pts?

A

G6PD deficiency pts

113
Q

This is the form of malaria when they mature in the lung during the preerythrocytic stage.

A

Schizont

114
Q

This is the form of malaria after the schizont mature and rupture into the blood stream, during the preerythrocytic stage, and they are what makes the ring formation.

A

Merozoite

115
Q

This is the form of malaria that only happens in P. ovale and vivax, where they lie dormant in the liver to initiate the asexual blood stage.

A

Hypnozoite

116
Q

This is the form of malaria when the merozoite matures within the RBC and then initiates the sexual stage, which is taken up by the mosquito.

A

Gametocytes

117
Q

Since hyponozoites (literally “sleeping-ozoites”) lie dormant in the liver, what is the DOC to kill hypnozoites?

A

Primaquine

118
Q

What is the vector for babesiosis?

A

Tick

119
Q

After an infected tick bites human, what bodies are introduced into the bloodstrema nd infects the RBC’s for babesiosis?

A

Priform bodies

120
Q

In babesiosis, the intraerythrocytic trophozoites multiply by binary fission, and then get released as what cells?

A

Merosoites

121
Q

What is the DOC for babesiosis?

A

Clindamycin w/quinine

122
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Causitive agent- trypanosoma brucei gambience and T.b. Rhodesiense

A

African

123
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Vector- reduviid bug

A

American

124
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Causitive agent- T. cruzi

A

American

125
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Clinical features- Sleeping sickness (lymphadenopathy, fever, splenomegaly, CNS dysfxn, coma)

A

African

126
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Vector- Tsetse fly

A

Afterican

127
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Clinical features- chagas disease (macrophage invasian, chancres, invasion of muscle cells, affects heart and GI)

A

American

128
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Dx- looking at the parasite in the blood film, serology or xenodiagnosis, PCR.

A

American

129
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Treatment- Oral nifurtimox or benznidazole. Posaconazole

A

American

130
Q

Which trypanosomiasis (African or American) does this belong under?

Dx- looking at parasite in blood, lymph nodes or CSF. Detection of antitrypanosomal Ab to screen.

A

African

131
Q

What is the treatment for EAST African trypanosomiasis?

A

IV suramin followed by IV melarsoprol

132
Q

What is the treatment for WEST African trypanosomiasis?

A

IM pentamidine or IV eflornithine

133
Q

What is the vector for Leishmaniasis?

A

Sandflies

134
Q

L. donoviani, infantum and chagasi belong to which category of leishmaniasis?

A

Visceral

135
Q

L. major, tropica, aethiopica, mexicana, brazilensis, and peruviana belong to which category of leishmaniasis?

A

Cutaneous

136
Q

Which form of leishmaniasis develops more slowly with fever and wt loss, followed by hepatosplenomegaly, and skin lesions may occur after treatment (PKDL)?

A

Visceral

137
Q

Which form of leishmaniasis progresses insidiously from a small papule to a large ulcer, healing with scarring?

A

Cutaneous

138
Q

What happens to the immunodeficient pt in response to leishmaniasis?

A

widespread chronic skin lesions and visceeral leishmaniasis

139
Q

How do u Dx leishmaniasis via microscopy?

A

microscopy of splenic aspirate or bone marrow or skin lesion

140
Q

Detection of which Ab via the direct agglutination test is good for leishmaniasis?

A

Antileishmanial Ab

141
Q

What is the injected into the skin for cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

Sodium stibogluconate

142
Q

What is the DOC for visceral leishmaniasis?

A

Amphotericin B

143
Q

What are the 2 causitive agents for lymphatic filariasis?

A

Brugia and Wucheria

144
Q

What is the vector for lymphatic filariasis?

A

Mosquitos

145
Q

What are the clinical features of filariasis?

A

fever, rashes, eosinophilia, ORCHITIS, elephantitis

146
Q

What is the DOC for filariasis?

A

Ivermectin with albendazole

or

Albendazole + DEC

147
Q

THis is the class of viruses that are enveloped, ssRNA, persist infection in their natural rodent hosts, and compose the Old world and New world diseases.

A

Arenviruses

148
Q

What are the Old World (LCM-LASV complex) of arenaviruses?

A

Lassa fever, Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis

149
Q

What are the new world arenaviruses?

A

Junin and machupoviruses

150
Q

These are enveloped, - stranded, found in arthropod and rodents, and causes HFRS and HPS.

A

Bunyaviruses

151
Q

These are long, filamentous, ssRNA viruses, have a fruit bat vector, and are composed of the Marburg and Ebola viruses?

A

Filoviruses

152
Q

Why can’t C. burnetti be detected in blood cultures?

A

It’s intracellular

153
Q

What are the 2 methods of Dx of Q fever?

A

PCR during the first week

IFA screening in complement fixing Ab titer

154
Q

What forms on the skin in anthrax?

A

papules that ulcerate in their center and become black and necrotic

155
Q

What is the Dx methods for anthrax?

A

Visualization of G+ rods

PCR assay

156
Q

What is the DOC for anthrax?

A

Cipro

157
Q

What does LF do to cells after PA delivers it ionto the cells?

A

Inhibits MAPKK –> apoptosis

158
Q

What is the MOA of EF after PA delivers it to the cells?

A

increases cAMP –> edema

159
Q

What are the virulence factors for the plague?

A

Antiphagocytic capsular Ag
Endotoxin
Protein toxins

160
Q

What is the vector for the plague?

A

rat fleat

161
Q

In the plauge, what may form in the armpit or groin?

A

bubos with hemorrhagic inflammation

162
Q

What are the systemic complications with the plague?

A

fever, can spread to blood causing septicemia, hemorrhagic illness, and multisystem involvement.

163
Q

What is teh DOC for the plague?

A

Streptomycin

164
Q

What does Francisella tularensis require for growth?

A

Cysteine

165
Q

What are the virulence factors for F. tularensis?

A

Antiphagocytic capsule
Hemolysin
Pilli
ABC proteins

166
Q

Where does F. tularensis parasitize int eh body?

A

RES –> lives in macrophages

167
Q

What are the cutaneous manifestations of F. tularensis?

A

skin ulcer (ulceroglandular tularemia) –> febrile illness and lymphatic spread –> painful lymph nodes

168
Q

What is the agar for F. tularensis?

A

BCYE

169
Q

What is the DOC for F. tularensis?

A

Streptomycin

170
Q

This is a G- rod, nonmotile, nonsporulating, PCN-sensistive, oxidase + bacteria that is of normal flora of dogs and cats/

A

Pasturella multocida

171
Q

What are the virulence factors for P. multocida?

A

Endotoxin
Capsule
LPS

172
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of P. multocida?

A

Local- cellulitis and lumpadenitis

PNA and septicemia

173
Q

What agars do P. multocida frow on?

A

blood and chocolate

NOT MACCONKEYS

174
Q

What is the staining pattern of P. multocida?

A

Bipolar

like Y. pestis

175
Q

What is the DOC for P. multocida?

A

Amoxicillin/clavulanate

176
Q

This isa spirochete with hooked ends that is found in domestic mammals and is transmitted by ingestion of contaminated water or food.

A

Leptospira interrogans

177
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of Leptospirosis?

A

flu-like illnesses that typically resolve, but can cause hepatitis, haundice, liver hemorrhage, uremia, bacteriuria, aseptic meningitis, conjunctival or scleral hemorrhage in CSF and aqueous humor

178
Q

What product from rats has lots of Leptospirosis?

A

Their pee

179
Q

This is a severe form of leptospirosis with hemorrhagic complication and kidney/liver failure.

A

Weil’s disease

180
Q

What are the 2 DOC for Leptospirosis?

A

PCN and doxy

181
Q

This is the disease from Spirillum minus (G- spiral) and Streptobacillus moniliformis (G- filamenous), and is from rat bites.

A

Rat bite fever

182
Q

After 7-10 days, what are the Sx to rat bite fever?

A

fever, headache, and myalgia

183
Q

Which bacteria of rat bite fever causes inflammed local lesion?

A

S. moniliformis

184
Q

What are the heart and lung manifestations of rat bite fever?

A

Endocarditis and PNA

185
Q

To Dx rat bite fever, u can culture S. monliniformis but not S. minus, so how do u see S. minus?

A

Dark field microscopy

like most spiral stuff

186
Q

What are the 2 DOC for rat bite fever?

A

PCN and streoptomycin

187
Q

these are G- nonmotile coccobacillu with intracellular replication, and are from animals.

A

Brucella spp

188
Q

Which one of these Brocella spp is the most severe?

B. abortus, melintensis, suis, or canis

A

B. melintensis

189
Q

Where are each Brucella spp from?

A

B. abortus- cows
B. melintensis- goats and sheep (esp their aborted fetuses)
B. suis- pigs
B. canis- dogs

190
Q

Where do the Brucella travel to after they enter the blood?

A

Reticuloendothelial cells

191
Q

After there are inflammatory rxns and central necrosis of the reticuloendothelial cells, what are the clinical manifestations?

A

gradual onset of malaise, fever, DRENCHING sweats, aching and weakness, and possible systemic infectionsk

192
Q

What are the Dx methods for Brucellosis?

A

Culture (but takes up to 4 wks)

Agglutinin titers

193
Q

What is the combo theroapy for up to 6 weeks for the Tx for brucellosis?

A

Tetracyclin and streptomycin

TMP-SMZ

194
Q

What is the bacteria spp to cause trench fever and cat-scratch disease?

A

Bartonella spp

195
Q

What are the lab characteristics of Bartonella spp?

A

G- aerobic rods with fastidious growth requirements

196
Q

What is the Bartonella spp to cause trench fever?

A

B. quintana

197
Q

What is the vector for B. quintana?

A

Lice

think lice spread in war trenches or homeless

198
Q

In trench fever,t here is a severe headache, fever, weakness, and pain in the long bones at what time intervals?

A

5-day intervals.

199
Q

What is the serology test for B. quintana?

A

Wild-Felix test

200
Q

What is the DOC for B. quintana?

A

Oral erythromycin or doxy

201
Q

What is the bartonella spp to cause cat scratch disease?

A

T. nugent

jk

B. henselae

202
Q

What are the vectors for B. henselae?

A

cat and flea reservoirs

203
Q

In addition to regional lymphadenopathy and granulomatous inflammation of the primary cut lesion, which organ is enlarged in cat scratch fever?

A

Spleen

204
Q

What is teh DOC for cat scratch disease?

A

Azithromycin

205
Q

THis is the condition caused by B. quintana or B. hensale in immunocompromised hosts and causes weird postules and crap all over the skin.

A

Bacillary angiomatosis

206
Q

What is the heart manifestation of Bacillary angiomatosis?

A

Subacute endocardiits

207
Q

What is the best method to Dx. Bartonella spp?

A

PCR

Hem/Onc (5 decks)

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