Early Colonization (ch.1-3)

Question 1

Aztecs

Answer 1

Civilizations that appeared after the mysterious collapse of Almec. Swept the Valley of Mexico in the 1200s.

Question 2

Christopher Columbus

Answer 2

Made a deal with Spain to find a way to Asia by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean. Ended up finding the Americas.

Question 3

Columbian Exchange

Answer 3

Starting with Columbus’ first voyage, it is the transfer of living things to other continents.

Question 4

Indentured Servant

Answer 4

Usually from the lower English class, and agreed to a limited term of servitude on plantations.

Question 5

Anne Hutchison

Answer 5

Got banished by the Puritan leaders because she taught people that they didn’t need the church or the minsters to interpret the bible.

Question 6

Proprietary Colony

Answer 6

Colonies that are owned by someone

Question 7

Joint Stock Company

Answer 7

Allowed several investors pool their money for support of a colony that would hopefully yield profit.

Question 8

Quaker

Answer 8

Believed God’s “inner light” burned in everyone.

Question 9

Jamestown

Answer 9

Virginia Company’s three ships sailed inland to a peninsula, cliamed the land as theirs, and named it Jamestown after their king James.

Question 10

Puritans

Answer 10

Church members who wanted to “purify” the Church of England.

Question 11

Cash Crop

Answer 11

Crop grown primarily for sale instead of the farmer’s own use.

Question 12

Salutary Neglect

Answer 12

England relaxed its enforcement of most regulations in exchange for the continuing economis loyalty of the colonies.

Question 13

Mercantilism

Answer 13

A country’s ultimate goal was self-sufficiency and that all countries were in a competition to acquire the most gold and silver.

Question 14

Navigation Acts

Answer 14

Laws that restricted colonial trade by saying everything had to be English

Question 15

Triangular Trade

Answer 15

merchants carried rum and other goods from New England to Africa; in Africa they traded their merchandise for enslaved people, whom they transported to the West Indies and sold for sugar and molasses; these goods were then shipped to New England to be distilled into rum. Carried many traded goods, furs, fruit, and African people.

Question 16

Middle Passage

Answer 16

The voyage that brought Africans to the West Indies and later to North America.

Question 17

French and Indian War

Answer 17

Fourth great war between France and Britain for control of North America.

Question 18

How did the first people arrive in the Americas?

Answer 18

Glaciers had frozen large amounts of the ocean creating a land bridge between Asia and Alaska, so people walked across there to get to the Americas.

Question 19

What impact did the Columbian Exchange have on people’s living throughout the world?

Answer 19

It brought new plants and animals to them, allowing them to improve their way of living with a much more diverse economy. Still continues today.

Question 20

Describe the role of religion in the lives of Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Answer 20

Political power was spread broadly, and they were able to vote for people in the General Court. Many puritans and non-puritans migrated to the city, and they brought with them self-government.

Question 21

Why did Parliament pass the Navigation Acts?

Answer 21

To restrict colonial trade so that it was run by English people, and all goods were checked by England.

Question 22

Factors that contributed to the witchcraft hysteria in Salem, Massachusetts.

Answer 22

Strict limitations on women’s roles, combined wih social tensions, the strained relations with the Native Americans, and religious fanaticism.

Question 23

Differences in the development of the northern and southern colonial economies.

Answer 23

The South was very based off of agriculture and growing crops, while the North grew many crops, but had small farms because the ground wasnt fertile or had rocky soil.

Question 24

Problems brought about for Britain by its vitory in the French and Indian War.

Answer 24

Great Britain and the colonies began to disagreee more and more about how the colonies should be taxed and governed.