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AP World History > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

0
Q

Chinggis Khan (Temujin)

A
  • born in 1170s in decades following death of Kabul Khan
  • elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206
  • responsible for conquest of n. kingdoms of China to the Abbasid regions
  • died in 1227, prior to conquest of most of the Islamic world
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1
Q

Mongols/Mongol Empire

A
  • Central Asian nomadic peoples
  • smashed Turko-Persian kingdoms
  • captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed last Abbasid caliph
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2
Q

kuriltai

A

-meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected

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3
Q

khagan

A

-title of the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes

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4
Q

tumens

A
  • basic fighting units of the Mongol forces
  • consisted of 10,000 cavalry-men
  • each unit was further divided into units of 1,000, 100, and 10
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5
Q

Tangut

A
  • rulers of Xi Xia kingdom of northwest China
  • one of regional kingdoms during period of southern Song
  • conquered by Mongols in 1226
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6
Q

Karakorum

A

-capital of the Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan

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7
Q

Batu

A
  • ruler of Golden Horde
  • one of Chinggis Khan’s grandsons
  • responsible for invasion of Russia’s beginning in 1236
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8
Q

Ogedei

A
  • third son of Chinggis Khan

- succeeded Chinggis Khan as khagan of the Mongols following his father’s death

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9
Q

Alexander Nevskii

A
  • submitted to Mongol demands
  • Prince of Novgorod
  • Grand Prince of Vladimir
  • Prince of Kiev
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10
Q

Moscow (during time of the Mongols)

A
  • surrendered to Mongol command
  • benefitted greatly from the presence of the Mongols
  • tribute collector for the Mongol khans
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11
Q

Golden Horde

A
  • one of the four subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan’s death
  • originally rules by his grandson Batu
  • territory covered much of present south central Russia
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12
Q

Prester John

A
  • name given to a mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom had supposedly been cut off from Europe by the Muslim conquests
  • Chinggis Khan was originally believed to be this mythical ruler
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13
Q

Hulegu

A
  • ruler of the Ilkhan khanate
  • grandson of Chinggis Khan
  • responsible for capture and destruction of Baghdad
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14
Q

Mamluks

A
  • Muslim slave warriors
  • established a dynasty in Egypt
  • defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 and halted Mongol advance
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15
Q

Baibars

A
  • commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut

- originally enslaved by Mongols and sold to Egyptians

16
Q

Berke

A
  • a ruler of the Golden Horde
  • converted to Islam
  • his threat to Hulegu combined with the growing power of Mamluks in Egypt forestalled further Mongol conquests in the Middle East
17
Q

Kublai Khan

A
  • grandson of Chinggis Khan
  • commander of Mongol forces responsible for conquest of China
  • became khagan in 1260
  • established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271
18
Q

Yuan

A
  • ruled by Kublai Khan
  • new social structure was established with the Mongols at the top and their central Asian nomadic and Muslim allies right below them in the hierarchy
19
Q

Tatu

A
  • present day Beijing
  • built on the site occupied by earlier dynasties
  • built by Kublai Khan
  • introduced to Chinese rituals and classical music
20
Q

Chabi

A
  • influential wife of Kubilai Khan
  • promoted interests of Buddhists in China
  • indicative of refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese
21
Q

Marco Polo

A
  • his account of Kubilai Khan’s court and empire was the most famous travel account written by a European
  • his writings helped inspire efforts by other navigators such as Christopher Columbus
22
Q

Romance of the West Chamber

A
  • Chinese dramatic work written during the Yuan period

- indicative of the continued literary vitality of China during Mongol rule

23
Q

White Lotus Society

A
  • secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China
  • typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule
24
Q

Ju Yuanzhang

A
  • Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan in 14th century
  • founded Ming dynasty
25
Q

Ming Dynasty

A
  • succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368
  • lasted until 1644
  • initially mounted huge trade expeditions to Southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China

AP World History (7 decks)

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