18. Blood and the heart

Question 1

What is the primary method of transport in the body?

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

What is the name of the liquid part of blood?

Answer 2

Plasma

Question 3

What is the name of the solid components in blood?

Answer 3

Corpuscles

Question 4

What three things are in corpuscles?

Answer 4

・Red blood cells
・White blood cells
・Platelets

Question 5

What is the job of red blood cells?

Answer 5

To carry oxygen around the body

Question 6

What is the name of the protein contained inside red blood cells?

Answer 6

Haemoglobin

Question 7

What is Haemoglobin?

Answer 7

An iron-containing molecule that can bond with oxygen and gives the cell its red colour

Question 8

What system are white blood cells part of?

Answer 8

The immune system

Question 9

What colour and size are white blood cells?

Answer 9

They are white, and come in all shapes and sizes

Question 10

What are the white blood cells’ jobs?

Answer 10

To kill bacteria and viruses

Question 11

Why do we get white/yellowish pus?

Answer 11

Due to white blood cells consuming bacteria in our bodies

Question 12

What are platelets?

Answer 12

They are pieces of larger cells that have broken apart

Question 13

How big are platelets?

Answer 13

Smaller than rbc & wbc

Question 14

What are platelets involved in?

Answer 14

Blood clotting

Question 15

What are platelets’ jobs?

Answer 15

To block any damage to your blood vessels

Question 16

What percentage of plasma is water?

Answer 16

90%

Question 17

What does plasma do?

Answer 17

Carries dissolved nutrients and gases

Question 18

What does plasma become when blood gets to capillaries (smallest kind of vessels)

Answer 18

leaks out and becomes tissue fluid

Question 19

What does tissue fluid do?

Answer 19

・Delivers nutrients etc. to the cells where they are needed
・Carries waste back to the blood through the capillaries once more

Question 20

Where does the tissue fluid that does not re-enter the capillaries go into?

Answer 20

The lymphatic system

Question 21

What does the tissue fluid become in the lymphatic system?

Answer 21

lymph

Question 22

What does lymph contain?

Answer 22

Immune system cells

Question 23

Blood is carried around the body in the ＿?

Answer 23

Circulatory system

Question 24

What is the heart?

Answer 24

A muscular organ

Question 25

What does the heart do?

Answer 25

Pumps blood around the whole circulatory system

Question 26

What 3 types of vessels does blood travel through?

Answer 26

Arteries, veins, capillaries

Question 27

What kind of wall do arteries have?

Answer 27

A thick, muscular wall

Question 28

What do the arteries do?

Answer 28

・lead away from the heart ・carry a lot of blood under high pressure with every heartbeat

Question 29

Arteries always moves＿ because arteries are pumped by the heart.

Answer 29

forward

Question 30

What do arteries branch into?

Answer 30

Capillaries

Question 31

Compared to arteries, what do the veins look like?

Answer 31

They are smaller and have thinner walls

Question 32

What do veins do?

Answer 32

They carry blood back to the heart

Question 33

What do veins have to prevent blood from flowing the wrong way?

Answer 33

Valves

Question 34

What helps pump back blood to your heart?

Answer 34

Contraction of your skeletal muscles

Question 35

What are capillaries like?

Answer 35

Small & thin

Question 36

What are capillaries' cell walls like?

Answer 36

Only one cell thick

Question 37

What does the thinness of capillaries' cell walls allow?

Answer 37

Allows nutrients and gases to be exchanged between cells and the blood stream

Question 38

What is the heart made of?

Answer 38

cardiac muscle

Question 39

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Answer 39

2 atria & 2 ventricles

Question 40

Why are there valves in between the atria and ventricles?

Answer 40

To open and close to let blood through

Question 41

Are atria smaller than ventricles?

Answer 41

Yes

Question 42

What does the left ventricle do?

Answer 42

It pumps blood to the whole body and has a rather thick muscle wall

Question 43

What does the aorta do?

Answer 43

It sends blood to the body

Question 44

What does the vena cava do?

Answer 44

Bring the blood back to the heart