18 question test

Question 1

Explain Ogazaki fragment

Answer 1

Short newly synthesised fragments of DNA on the lagging strand.

Question 2

Describe shortly transcription

Answer 2

First step of gene expression. Copy from DNA templete (antocodon) to mRNA (codon).

Question 3

Define codon and anti-codon

Answer 3

Base triplets on and RNA are complimentary to each other. Coding strand have information for proteinsynthese. Anticoding strand is complimentary to coding strand.

Question 4

Write sequence for mRNA to leading strand 5’GCAATGTGCCA’3

Answer 4

3’CGUUACACGGU’5

Question 5

Restriction endunuclease

Answer 5

Endonuclease that chatalyze hydrolysis of double stranded DNA at specific nucleotide sequense.

Question 6

Describe shortly process of DNA replication.

Answer 6

Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between bases. Replication for is formed. DNA polymerase assemble currect nucleotide to leading and lagging strand. Leading strand cont. Lagging Ogazagi fragments.

Question 7

Name six major classes of enzymes

Answer 7

Oxireduktase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase, ligase.

Question 8

Which covalent modification are involved in regulation of enzyme activety

Answer 8

Phosphorylisation and Dephosphorylisation is the most common.

Question 9

Name major lipids in membrane.

Answer 9

Phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol.

Question 10

Membrane fluidity

Answer 10

Higher concentration of unsatturated fatty acids.

Question 11

Difference between symport and antiport

Answer 11

Secondary active transport. Symport, two solutes moves the same way, antiport, one in one out.

Question 12

Which of the following statements are true.

Answer 12

Dunno

Question 13

Function of saccharides

Answer 13

Monsaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides. Structural (backbone of DNA/RNA) Surfactant in lunges. Energy (glycose, glucogen, fructose) strucural plants (cellulose)

Question 14

Write formula of maltose

Answer 14

To like ved siden av hverandre.

Question 15

Characterise starch and glycogen.

Answer 15

Starch: long chain of glycose joind by glycosidic bond. Glycogen: multibranced polysaccharides of glucose. Energy storage in animals.

Question 16

Define epimer, write one glycose epimer

Answer 16

Glucose and galactose. Change of OH group

Question 17

Write formula of sphingomyoline

Answer 17

milli

Question 18

Chylomicrons function

Answer 18

A type of plasma lipoprotein that transport triacylglycerols, cholesterol and cholesterys esters from small intestine to tissues.

Question 19

Write formula for glucose

Answer 19

yeieue

Question 20

Name three disaccharides

Answer 20

Lactose, maltose, sucrose.

Question 21

Storage of polysaccharides in animals

Answer 21

glycogen

Question 22

Describe structure of triacylglycerol

Answer 22

yeye

Question 23

Which of the following molecules can be constituent of phospolipids

Answer 23

Serine and choline

Question 24

Name at least two unsatturated fatty acids

Answer 24

Lineleic, Oleic, vacceneic, palmitoleic

Question 25

Six major classes of enzymes

Answer 25

Oxireduktase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase, ligase.

Question 26

Describe the structure of B form of DNA

Answer 26

right handed helix. 10 bp per turn. Most common.

Question 27

Explain why DNA replication is called semiconservative

Answer 27

one strain is from the original and one strans is newly synthesised.

Question 28

Name enzyme that catalyses synthesis or RNA

Answer 28

RNA polymerase

Question 29

Describe function of tRNA and mRNA in proteosyntesis.

Answer 29

Codon on mRNA. TRNA brings AA to mRNA/ribosome complex. Anticodon, complimentary to mRNA.

Question 30

DNA fragments can be seperated by.

Answer 30

Restriction endonuclease.

Question 31

What is liposome

Answer 31

Artificially prepared spherical vesicle composed of lipid bilayer.

Question 32

Where is cholesterol located

Answer 32

The hydroxyl group on cholesterol interacts with the polar head groups of the membrane phospolipids and sphingolipids. Steroid and hydrocarbon chain are embedded in the membrane.

Question 33

Different lipids

Answer 33

Phospholipids, glycolipids, sphingolipids and cholesterol.