180- Female histo Flashcards
layers of ovary from superficial to deep and what they’re composed of
–“Germinal” epithelium (simple cuboidal)
– Tunica albuginea (dense c.t.)
– Cortex (with follicles)
– Medulla (loose c.t. with vessels, rete ovarii, etc.)
what is a follicle composed of and what are the four stages
granulosa cells and thecal cells. Growth from primordial>primar>secondary(antral)>mature(graafian) is promoted by FSH
how is estrogen produced, put into circulation
produced by the granulosa cells then the vascular theca interna gets it into the bloodstream since granulosa cell layer is avascualr
cumulus oophorus
cluster of follicular cells surrounding ooctye in graafian follicle
corona radiata
cumulus cells in contact with zona pellucida in graafian follicle
in what phase and when is the primary oocyte arrested? When does it become a secondary oocyte?
fetal life with the first meiotic division, prophase
just before ovulation when second meiotic division begins
what happens to follicle after ovulation? components? products?
corpus luteum in response to LH. Cells become Granulosa lutein cells and theca lutein cells that produce progesterone which inhibits LH
what happens to the corpus luteum if there is no pregnancy? if there is?
Degenerates into corpus albicans (due to progesterone inhibiting LH)
HCG maintains the corpus luteum
atretic follicles: what are they and how do they look?
follicles which never make it to mature stage. Smaller, wavier, less folded, more numerous than corpus albicans
what is the histo of the ampulla of uterine tube look like? Changes occurring with menstrual cycle?
simple columnar with ciliated and nonciliated (peg) cells. Also has muscularis
more cells become ciliated in response to estrogen (find mostly peg cells in menopausal woman)
Layers of uterus
serosa (broad ligament peritoneum)
muscularis (myometrium)
Mucosa (endometrium, decidua) with the stratum functionale and stratum basale
phases of endometrium and their appearance on histology
mestrual: no stratum functionale, prominent basal glands
proliferative: rebuilding functionale, few straight glands
secretory: functionale filled with wavy glands in response to progesterone
what does histo of the cervix look like
transition from simple columnar of uterus to stratified squamous of vagina. Layers similar to uterus
what happens to vaginal epithelial cells in response to estrogen? what does this do?
swell with glycogen. Creates more favorable environment for sperm. Also feeds anaerobic bacteria which secrete lactic acid and lower pH to 4 which decreases infection
