18.1 - the cold war begins

Question 1

when did Truman assume the presidency at the end of WWII?

Answer 1

when roosevelt died

Question 2

what was truman’s main goal

Answer 2

to preserve democracy and protect national security

Question 3

what was truman’s first and only meeting with stalin? what happened?

Answer 3

the potsdam conference. tension rose immediately

Question 4

what type of revolutionry was stalin?

Answer 4

bolshevik

Question 5

what happened with stalin at the PD conference?

Answer 5

he was asked to remove occupation from eastern europe and hold free elections. however, he refused.

Question 6

what was stalin’s ultimate goal?

Answer 6

to spread communism

Question 7

what did the US and great britain strongly believe in?

Answer 7

self-liberation

Question 8

where were the pro-soviet regimes?

Answer 8

poland, romania, bulgaria, hungary

Question 9

a civil war in WHICH AREA created another place of conflict?

Answer 9

greece

Question 10

what are satellite states?

Answer 10

countries that are economically and politically dependent on another country

Question 11

what was the truman doctrine originally introduced as?

Answer 11

a speech to congress in 1947

Question 12

what is the domino effect?

Answer 12

communism–if one country falls to it, they will all fall

Question 13

which two states were under threat of communist takeovers?

Answer 13

turkey and greece

Question 14

what did truman ask the congress do to help the taken-over countries?

Answer 14

provide $400 million in military and economic assistance

Question 15

what was the marshall plan?

Answer 15

the European Recovery Program introduced by George Marshall

Question 16

what was the goal of the marshall plan?

Answer 16

assistance in restoring the economic infrastructure of post-war europe. bringing political stability and a healthy world economy

Question 17

how much did the european nations recieve in aid from the marshall plan?

Answer 17

nearly $13 billion

Question 18

why was marshall awarded the nobel peace prize?

Answer 18

preventing famine and political chaos

Question 19

what was comecon? what happened with the soviet response?

Answer 19

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, in which the Soviet response was not successful

Question 20

what was the policy of containment?

Answer 20

a policy presented by Kennan, in which would keep communism within its existing boundaries and prevent soviet attacks

Question 21

what was the controversial policy criticized for?

Answer 21

being to defensive

Question 22

what was the first real conflict between the US and the soviets?

Answer 22

berlin blockade and airlift

Question 23

what did stalin do because of his anger towards the east germany alliance?

Answer 23

he planned to cut off western road and canal access to berlin, to capture all of germany

Question 24

what did truman do to help those cut off in berlin?

Answer 24

he ordered a year-long airlift to bring supplies to them

Question 25

how was the blockade lifted?

Answer 25

there were so much supplies being brought down to berlin that the soviets gave in--who also didnt want war.

Question 26

what was NATO?

Answer 26

the north atlantic treaty organization - it required the other states to provide support if another was attacked

Question 27

the fear of communist expansion prompted the US and other countries to...?

Answer 27

form the NATO

Question 28

NATO still exists today...?

Answer 28

true

Question 29

what was the warsaw pact?

Answer 29

alliance formed by the Soviet union and communist nations in europe. acted much like NATO.

Question 30

warsaw - communist or noncommunist?

Answer 30

communist

Question 31

NATO - communist or noncommunist?

Answer 31

noncommunist

Question 32

warsaw and nato formed the political division of...

Answer 32

europe

Question 33

USSR and US become involved in an...?

Answer 33

arms race - building up armies and arsenal weapons

Question 34

what weapons heightened the tension in the arms race?

Answer 34

nuclear bombs and ICBMs

Question 35

deterrance

Answer 35

neither side would launch an attack because the other side would strike back

Question 36

what was KGB?

Answer 36

the world's largest spy and state-security machine

Question 37

in 1955, who emerged as the leader of the USSR (berlin wall)?

Answer 37

nikita khrushchev

Question 38

while khrushchev tried to solve the problem of west berlin, what did the west and east sides do?

Answer 38

the west flourished while the east lived in poverty

Question 39

why was the wall built?

Answer 39

to stop refugees from flowing

Question 40

how tall and long was the wall?

Answer 40

15 feet high; 100 miles long