18.2 Physiology of Blow Flow

Question 1

Three factors determine blood pressure:

Answer 1

resistance, cardiac output, and blood volume.

Question 2

Hemodynamics is the study of

Answer 2

Hemodynamics is the study of the physiology of blood flow.

Question 3

The velocity of blood flow _________ as cross-sectional area increases through the branching arterial system.

Answer 3

The velocity of blood flow decreases as cross-sectional area increases through the branching arterial system.

Question 4

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures is the pulse pressure.

The MAP is calculated by

Answer 4

The MAP is calculated by adding one-third of the pulse pressure to the diastolic pressure.

MAP = diastolic pressure + 1/3 (pulse pressure)

Pulse pressure = systolic pressure − diastolic pressure

Question 5

Pressure in the:

pulmonary circuit average about ______

The mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the systemic circuit is about ______

The pressure in the arterioles is about_____

Blood pressure in the capillariesis about ____ at thearteriolar endand ______ at thevenular end

Pressure is about ______ in the inferior vena cava.

Answer 5

1. The pressure in the pulmonary circuit averages about 15 mm Hg.
2. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the systemic circuit is about 95 mm Hg.
3. The pressure in the arterioles is about 35 mm Hg.
4. Blood pressure in the capillaries is

• about 35 mm Hg at the arteriolar end
• about 15 mm Hg at the venular end.
  
  • Pressure is about 4 mm Hg in the inferior vena cava.

Question 6

Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure?

venous circuit

hepatic circuit

pulmonary circuit

systemic circuit

Answer 6

systemic circuit

Question 7

What is the average value for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

80 mm Hg

95 mm Hg

120 mm Hg

150 mm Hg

Answer 7

95 mm Hg

Question 8

Which of the following hormones decreases heart rate, and thus cardiac output and blood pressure?

acetylcholine

angiotensin-II

epinephrine

norepinephrine

Answer 8

acetylcholine

Question 9

Which circuit has the greatest resistance?

venous circuit

hepatic circuit

pulmonary circuit

systemic circuit

Answer 9

Which circuit has the greatest resistance?

venous circuit

hepatic circuit

pulmonary circuit

systemic circuit

Question 10

Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure?

systemic venules

systemic capillary beds

systemic veins

systemic arterioles

Answer 10

Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure?

systemic venules

systemic capillary beds

systemic veins

systemic arterioles