18.5 isolation and speciation

Question 1

population definition

Answer 1

group of individuals of one species that occupy the same habitat that can interbreed

Question 2

alleles definition

Answer 2

different forms of the same gene

Question 3

allelic frequency definition

Answer 3

number of times an allele occurs within the gene pool

Question 4

gene pool definition

Answer 4

total number of all the alleles of all the genes of all the individuals within a particular population at a given time

Question 5

speciation definition

Answer 5

evolution of new species from existing ones

Question 6

allopatric speciation definition

Answer 6

geographically isolated leading to the formation of a new species from existing ones

Question 7

sympatric speciation definition

Answer 7

reproductively isolated leading to the formation of a new species

Question 8

how new species are formed by allopatric speciation

Answer 8

• Geographic(al) isolation;
• Separate gene pools between populations
• Variation due to mutation;
• Different selection pressures due to their different environments
• selected organisms survive and reproduce
• Leads to increase in allele frequency.

Question 9

how new species are formed by sympatric speciation

Answer 9

• reproductive isolation
• separate gene pools between populations
• variation due to mutation
• different selection pressures due to their different feeding times (for example)
• selected organisms survive and reproduce
• leads to increase in allele frequency

Question 10

what is adaptive radiation?

Answer 10

population becoming adapted to its local environment

Question 11

species definition

Answer 11

group of individuals that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring