1866-1871 Flashcards
(22 cards)
April 1866. What did Bismarck do to ensure Italian support in Austro-Prussian war?
Signed a treaty with Italy for joint war with Austria within 3 months to secure Venetia.
When was the Zollverein renewed to ensure the continued exclusion of Austria?
Jan 1866
When was the Reformverein dissolved?
May 1866
When was the Austro-Prussian War (Seven Weeks War) and why was it’s length significant?
1866 June 18th to July 26th
Relatively quick war. Showed military strength of Prussia.
Why did the Nationalverein condemn the Austro-Prussian war?
It was ‘anti-National’
Why did the Austro-Prussian war show that Prussia’s influence over the region was not dominant?
No states supported Prussia!!
Most states supported Austria and some remained neutral.
What did the Peace of Prague (July 1866) do?
Replaced Bund with North German Confederation.
What was the Indemnity Bill 1866?
Ended constitutional crisis. Nationalists agreed to work with government with compromise of no Liberalism. (Accept compromises to the constitution).
Pro-est, how did the indemnity bill change Natism?
Pro-est for the first time since the HRE.
How did the Nationalist aims change after 1866?
Political and cultural unity to unity within the state.
When was the National Liberal Party established?
1867!
When was the SPD established?
1869
When was Papal Infallibility and why was it significant?
July 1870
Tied Catholic loyalties to the Pope (who had condemned G Liberalism in Syllabus of Errors 1864). Therefore all Catholics were Reichsfeinde. Inspired Kultirkampf.
What was the Ems interview and Telegram 1870?
Interview: French ambassador Bendetti sent to Ems to persuade William I to forbid Leopold Hohenzollern’s acceptance of Spanish Throne.
Telegram: Bismarck published edited version of William I’s decision to later claim that the humiliation of the French Ambassador pushed France into war.
What does the Ems Telegram show about the media in 1870 and the economic context ?
Developing. Mass audience for public humiliation of France. Facilitated by economic context and increase of literacy rates due to improved communications.
When was the Franco-Prussian War?
July 1870
Battle of Sedan. Napoleon surrenders 1870. What does this show about the strength of the Prussian military?
Strong! Defeated both Austria and France within 5 years of each other. (A and F both shaped the German region since 1806, therefore powerful)
What shows the dominance of Prussia in the North German Confederation’s army?
Moltke was the head of NGC army. Prussian General.
What shows political dominance of Prussia in German Empire?
William it becomes first German Emperor.
Bismarck was appointed German Chancellor.
Prussian majority in parliament was enough to ensure no constitutional change.
William had the ability to veto.
When and where was the German Empire declared?
January 1871
Hall of Mirrors, Versailles
Humiliation to France as on French soil.
Why was 1871 a turning point in the popularity of Nationalism?
First time that Nationalism could be popular. Not illegal. Could be pro-establishment after 1866. Gov policies made to unify population using nationalism.
What boosted the German economy at the start of 1871?
5 million franc war indemnity and France ceded Alsace Lorraine to Germany
