Urinary system Flashcards
Describe flow thru glomerulus
& name the 4 filtration layers
Afferent arteriole –> glomerulus –> efferent arteriole
Flitration layers
- Endothelium –retains cells
- Basement membrane –retains lg proteins
- Slit Pores –retains most other proteins
- Sialoglycoprotein charge –repels proteins
ID (positive & negative) forces that play a role in initiation of urine formation
Positive (force out of blood)
= Blood Hydrostatic P
Negative (force back into blood)
= Capsular hydrosatic pressure
+ blood oncotic pressure
Relationship btwn blood supply to glomerulus &nutritional blood supply to renal parenchyma
Glomerulus
-initiates urine formation
Vasa recta
- supplies metabolic needs
- maintains medullary osmotic gradient
- recovers reabsorped solutes
Name each section of tubule & the major modification it has on urine
- Bowman’s capsule – collect filtrate
- PCT – Reabsorb nutrients
- Loop of Henle (descending) – Reabsorb H2O
- Loop of Henle (ascending) – Reabsorb NaCl
- DCT Aldosterone – Na/K exchange
- Distal collecting duct
- Collecting ducts –1. Absorb H2O
- -2. Reabsorb Urea
What does it mean to be “freely filtered”?
–?
What is renal threshold
- max ability of the PCT to reabsorb a specific nutrient (ex glucose)
Why is the kidney susceptible to injury
- Highly metabolic –10% of bodies O2 consumption
2. High Level of exposure to toxins
If there is a loss of CONCENTRATING ability, how much of the nephrons are lost? (and what does that signify?)
66% loss
Tubular dysfunction
If there is an increase in NITROGENOUS waste, how much of the nephrons are lost? (and what does that signify?)
75% loss
Glomerular dysfunction
