19-3-402: Wish

Question 1

Wish + would/wouldn’t

Answer 1

To talk about things we want to happen or stop happening because they annoy us
* you don’t usually use “wish + would” for a wish about yourself

⭕️I wish bike riders wouldn’t ride on the sidewalk
⭕️ I wish you wouldn’t leave your shoes

Question 2

Wish + simple past / past perfect

Answer 2

🌱 Simple past:برای حال و آینده
To talk about things we would like to be different in the present/future(but that are impossible or unlikely)
⭕️ I wish I was ten years younger

🌱 Past perfect: برای گذشته
To talk about things that happened or didn’t happen in the past and that you now regret.
⭕️ I wish I hadn’t bought those shoes

🌱 we can use “if only” instead of wish
از if only برای emphasis بیشتر استفاده میشه

Question 3

Grounds and infinitives and base verbs

Answer 3

Grounds:
verb + in
not+ verb+ ing

1) after certain verbs & expressions:

Admit, avoid, deny, dislike, enjoy, feel like, finish, hate, keep, like, love, mind, miss, practice, prefer, recommend, spend time, stop,suggest

⭕️I enjoy listening to music
⭕️I couldn’t help laughing
2)بعد از proposition میاد
⭕️for going out
⭕️ I won’t go out without having my umbrella
3)at the beginning of the sentence, as the subject of the sentence
⭕️paiting is my favorite hobby
4) after phrasal verb
بعد از فعل های دو قسمتی
⭕️I gave up eating fast food
⭕️give up + verb+ ing
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Infinitives:
to + base verb
Not+ to+ base verb

Afford, agree, decide, expect, forget, help, learn, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, seem, try, want, would like

1)after certain verbs and expressions
⭕️i want to go out
2)after adj
⭕️she is so quiet to have a conversation with.
3)to express a reason
⭕️i came here to study
—————————-
Base verbs:
1)after auxiliary verbs:does, do,did
⭕️she doesn’t listen to me
2)after models: may, might, can, could, would, should, have to, ought to, will,must
⭕️they might come
3)after some verbs:make,let
⭕️let me go out
⭕️my boss makes us work hard
⭕️at school we were made to wear a uniform
فعلmakeوقتی passive استفاده میشه، infinitive میشه
4)after some expressions:would rather, had better
⭕️I’d rather stay at home
———————–
Tips:
سه حالت برای بعضی فعل ها که هم gr و هم inf میشن داریم:
۱) معنی هاشون یکی هستش
start, begin,continue
۲)معنی هاشون یه کم فرق میکنه
Love,like,hate,prefer
⭕️i love swimming(general)
⭕️i love to swim in the poll(specific)
توی حالت دوم باید جزیی تر صحبت کنی
⭕️I would prefer to stay at home tonight
این چهار کلمه وقتی با wouldاستفاده می‌شوند، حتما infinitive می‌شوند

۳)بعضی فعل ها مثل:
Remember, forget, try,need
⭕️Remember
*remember to lock the door(you remember first, the you do)
*I remember going to that cafe(you do, then you remember)
⭕️forget
*i forgot to do it(you didnt remember to do sth)
* I never forget visiting Paris( you did sth, and you don’t forget it)
⭕️Try
* I tried to open the door(Make an effort to do sth)
*Try doing Yoga, it’s fun(Experience sth)
⭕️Need
*You need to clean your room(Active)
*The car needs cleaning(Passive)