19 Middle Mediastinum Flashcards
(23 cards)
tamponade
accumulation of fluid in pericardial space
oblique sinus
inverted U-shaped sinus dorsal to the left atrium between pulmonary veins and superior vena cava
right-sided heart failure/left-sided heart failure
O
dextrocardia
heart is on right side
interventricular septum supply
mainly supplied by left coronary a.
nodal a. supply
right atrium, sinu-atrial node
right marginal supply
anterior wall of right ventricle
posterior interventricular supply
posterior wall of right ventricle/
posterior part of septum
anterior interventricular supply
anterior left ventricle,most of ventricular septum, apex
left marginal supply
lateral wall of left ventricle
circumflex a supply
posterior wall of left atrium and left ventricle
occlusion of coronary veseel
leads to ischemia(inadequate blood supply to an organ) -> chest pain -> cardiac arrest, etc. Caused by arteriosclerosis.
thebesian veins
smallest cardiac vein, begins in mycoardium -> empty into atrium or ventricle.
crista terminalis
a raised ridge on inner atrial wall demarcates its anterior and posterior segment.
sinu-atrial node
where cirsta terminalis meets primeter of SVC orifice
infundibulum of right ventricle
is smooth walled (outflow tract)
cusps of aortic valve
right/left coronory cusps and non-coronary cus
aortic sinus
three small dilations of aortic wall positioned just above the attachment of the cusps. (right/left coronary, non-coronary)
aortic bodies
two chemporeceptors that are located at the wall of ascending aorta. Monitor pH and CO2 in blood`
lub dub
lub - vibration of blood in ventricle as systole begins and the AV valves closes//
dub - vibration caused by closure of aortic/pulmonary valves at the end of systole.
innervation of heart
both sympathetic, parasympathetic (They form cardiac plexus), visceral sensory // sympathetic pregang are in T1-T6. Parasympathetic is via vagus n. // sensory axons in volled in referred chest pain is angina pectoris
Cardiac conduction system
SA Node - junction of SVC and crista terminalis in right atrium//
AV node - stimulated by depol from SA node//
atrioventricular bundle of His - exit AV node and travels in interventricular sptum where it divides into right and left branch
// Right branch - enter moderator band and terminate in anterior papillary m. of right ventricle // left branch - terminate in each papillary muscle in left ventricle //
anterior cardiac vein
drain upper surface of right ventricle directly into right atrium
