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Honors Chemisty
> 19.1.1 Spontaneous Process > Flashcards
19.1.1 Spontaneous Process Flashcards
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Honors Chemisty
(145 decks)
15.1.1 The Concept of Equilibrium
15.1.2 The Law of Mass Action and Types of Equilibrium
15.1.3 Converting Between Kc and Kp
15.2.1 Approaching Chemical Equilibrium
15.2.2 Predicting the Direction of a Reaction
15.2.3 Strategies for Solving Equilibrium Problems
15.2.4 Solving Problems Far from Equilibrium
15.2.5 An Equilibrium Problem Using the Quadratic Equation
15.3.1 Le Chatelier's Principle
15.3.2 The Effect of Changing Amounts on Equilibrium
15.3.3 The Effects of Pressure and Volume on Equilibrium
15.3.4 The Effects of Temperature and Catalysts on Equilibrium
Chapter 15 Practice Test
Chapter 15 Test
16.1.1 Arrhenius/Bronsted-Lowry Definitions of Acids and Bases
16.1.2 Hydronium, Hydroxide, and the pH Scale
16.2.1 Strong Acids and Bases
16.2.3 Weak Acids
16.2.4 Weak Bases
16.2.5 Lewis Acids and Bases
16.2.6 Trends in Acid and Base Strengths
16.3.1 Examining Polyprotic Acids
16.4.1 Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions
Chapter 16 Practice Test
Chapter 16 Test
17.1.1 Strong Acid-Strong Base and Weak Acid-Strong Base Reactions
17.1.2 Strong Acid-Weak Base and Weak Acid-Weak Base Reactions
17.1.3 The Common Ion Effect
17.2.1 An Introduction to Buffers
17.2.3 Acidic Buffers
17.2.4 Basic Buffers
17.2.5 The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
17.3.1 Strong Acid-Strong Base Titration
17.3.3 Weak Acid-Strong Base Titration
17.3.4 Polyprotic Acid-Strong Base Titration
17.3.5 Weak Base-Strong Acid Titration
17.3.6 Acid-Base Indicators
17.4.1 The Solubility Product Constant
17.4.3 Solubility and The Common Ion Effect
17.4.4 Fractional Precipitation
17.4.5 The Effects of pH on Solubility
17.5.1 The Formation of Complex Ions
17.5.2 Amphoteric Metal Hydroxides
Chapter 17 Practice Test
Chapter 17 Test
18.1.1 An Introduction to Reactivity
18.1.2 Bond Strengths
18.1.3 Inductive Effects
18.1.4 Hybridization Effects
18.1.5 Resonance Effects
18.1.6 Solvent Effects: Acid Dissociation versus Proton Affinity
18.2.1 A Review of Relationship Between Acids and Conjugate Bases
18.2.2 Strengths of Organic Bases
18.2.3 Solvent Effects on Organic Base Strength
18.3.1 Lewis Acids and the Formation of Acid-Base Adducts
18.3.2 Oxides as Lewis Acids
18.4.1 Nucleophilic Substitution at sp3 Carbon
18.4.2 Nucleophilic Substitution at sp2 Carbon
18.4.3 Elimination Reactions
Chapter 18 Practice Test
Chapter 18 Test
19.1.1 Spontaneous Process
19.2.1 Entropy and The Second Law of Thermodynamics
19.2.2 Entropy and Temperature
19.3.1 Gibbs Free Energy
19.3.2 Standard Free Energy Changes of Formation
19.4.1 Enthalpy and Entropy Contributions to K
19.4.2 The Temperature Dependence of K
19.4.3 Free Energy Away from Equilibrium
Chapter 19 Practice Test
Chapter 19 Test
20.1.1 Reviewing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
20.2.1 Electrochemical Cells
20.2.2 Electromotive Force
20.2.3 Standard Reduction Potentials
20.2.4 Using Standard Reduction Potentials
20.2.5 The Nernst Equation
20.2.6 Electrochemical Determinants of Equilibria
20.3.1 Batteries
20.3.3 Fuel Cells and The Hydrogen Economy
20.4.1 Corrosion and the Prevention of Corrosion
20.5.1 Electrolytic Cells
20.5.2 The Stoichiometry of Electrolysis
Chapter 20 Practice Test
Chapter 20 Test
21.1.1 The Nature of Radioactivity
21.1.2 The Stability of Atomic Nuclei
21.1.3 Binding Energy
21.2.1 Rates of Disintegration Reactions
21.2.2 Radiochemical Dating
21.3.1 Nuclear Fission
21.3.2 Nuclear Fusion
21.3.3 Applications of Nuclear Chemistry
Chapter 21 Practice Test
Chapter 21 Test
22.1.1 Metallurgical Processes
22.1.2 The Band Theory of Conductivity
22.1.3 Intrinsic Semiconductors
22.1.4 Doped Semiconductors
22.2.1 The Alkali Metals
22.2.2 The Alkaline Earth Metals
22.2.3 Aluminum
Chapter 22 Practice Test
Chapter 22 Test
23.1.1 Properties of Transition Metals
23.2.1 Complexes Ligands
23.2.2 Naming Coordination Compounds
23.2.3 Structures of Coordination Compounds and Isomers
23.3.1 Color and Transition Metals
23.3.2 Crystal Field Theory
23.3.3 Ligand Field Theory
23.3.4 Magnetic Properties and Spin
Chapter 23 Practice Test
Chapter 23 Test
24.1.1 General Properties of Nonmetals
24.1.2 Hydrogen
24.2.1 General Properties of Carbon
24.2.2 Silicon
24.3.1 Nitrogen
24.3.2 Phosphorus
24.4.1 Oxygen
24.4.3 Sulfur
24.5.1 Halogens
24.5.2 Aqueous Halogen Compounds
24.6.1 Properties of Noble Gases
Chapter 24 Practice Test
Chapter 24 Test
25.1.1 Alkanes
25.1.2 Alkenes and Alkynes
25.1.3 Isomers
25.1.4 Aromatic Hydrocarbons
25.2.1 Alcohols, Ethers, and Amines
25.2.2 Carbonyl-Containing Functional Groups
25.2.3 Ethanol as a Possible Fuel Source
25.3.1 Organic Polymers
Chapter 25 Practice Test
Chapter 25 Test
26.1.1 Proteins
26.1.2 Nucleic Acids
26.1.3 Carbohydrates
26.1.4 Lipids
Chapter 26 Practice Test
Chapter 26 Test
Practice Final Exam
Final Exam
