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1920s_1930s_flashcards

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1
Q

Who invented the affordable automobile and the assembly line?

A

Henry Ford

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2
Q

What was the first affordable car?

A

Ford Model T

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3
Q

How did the affordability of the automobile impact society?

A

It led to increased movement, growth of industries like steel and oil, development of highways, and suburban expansion.

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4
Q

Who invented the first working airplane?

A

Orville and Wilbur Wright

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5
Q

Where and when was the first flight?

A

1903 in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina

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6
Q

Who invented the lightbulb?

A

Thomas Edison

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7
Q

How did the lightbulb impact society?

A

It allowed people to stay up later.

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8
Q

Who invented the telephone?

A

Alexander Graham Bell

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9
Q

How did the telephone impact communication?

A

It allowed people to communicate across long distances.

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10
Q

What was the impact of the radio?

A

It brought communication and entertainment into homes, including music and news.

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11
Q

What was ‘The War of the Worlds’ broadcast?

A

A live reading that terrified audiences, making them think aliens were invading.

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12
Q

When did films start being produced in the U.S.?

A

Around 1900.

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13
Q

Why were early films silent?

A

They were silent until the 1920s/1930s and relied on slapstick comedy and exaggerated drama.

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14
Q

Who was a famous silent film actor?

A

Charlie Chaplin

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15
Q

What labor-saving products were developed in the 1920s?

A

Washing machine, vacuum, oven, telephone, and lightbulb.

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16
Q

What did the labor-saving products allow people to do in the 1920s?

A

going to movies, listneing to radio, telephone and light bulb made life much simpler

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17
Q

What amendment banned alcohol?

A

The 18th Amendment

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18
Q

Why was alcohol banned?

A

People hoped banning alcohol would improve the economy and public behavior.

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19
Q

What were secret bars during Prohibition called?

A

Speakeasies

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20
Q

Who were bootleggers?

A

People who illegally made or sold alcohol.

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21
Q

Why were bootleggers called that?

A

They hid flasks in their boots.

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22
Q

What was the impact of organized crime during Prohibition?

A

Gangsters like Al Capone ran bootlegging operations and bribed cops and federal agents to help speakeasies stay open.

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23
Q

What amendment ended Prohibition?

A

The 21st Amendment

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24
Q

Why did the government repeal Prohibition?

A

It was unsuccessful and caused crime to increase.

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25
What was the Great Migration?
The movement of millions of Black Americans from the South to the North and Midwest.
26
When did the Great Migration take place?
1910 and 1970
27
Why did African Americans migrate north?
For jobs (jobs in North did not require high skills or education - assembly line), and safety from lynching/racial violence and discrimination/segregation.
28
Did African Americans still have to deal with segregation and hatred after they migrated
Yes. - but it was less severe
29
What was the Red Summer of 1919?
A series of race riots, including the Chicago Race Riot (the most severe).
30
Why did the Chicago Race Riot take place
after a young black boy was stoned to death for swimming in a white only section of Lake Michigan (Chicago Race Riot)
31
Who was Aaron Copland?
A composer who wrote traditionally American music.
32
Who was George Gershwin?
A composer known for 'Rhapsody in Blue' and jazz/classical music.
33
Who was Jacob Lawrence?
An African American artist who depicted the Great Migration.
34
Who was Georgia O'Keeffe?
An artist who painted urban landscapes and nature.
35
Who were famous silent film actors?
Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton.
36
Who was Duke Ellington?
A jazz musician who popularized jazz music.
37
Who was Louis Armstrong?
A jazz musician known for his trumpet playing and raspy voice.
38
Who wrote 'The Great Gatsby'?
F. Scott Fitzgerald
39
Who wrote 'The Grapes of Wrath'?
John Steinbeck
40
Who was Langston Hughes?
An African American poet, novelist, and playwright.
41
What were flappers?
Liberated women who embraced new lifestyles and fashion.
42
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
The 19th Amendment in 1920
43
What was the Harlem Renaissance?
A cultural explosion of Black art, music, and literature in the 1920s
44
What is a recession?
A significant decline in economic activity.
45
What is a depression?
A severe economic downturn lasting 2+ years.
46
What is invest
i. To put money or time into something with the hope that it pays back eventually
47
What is a loan
A sum of money that is borrowed with the expectation of being paid back, oftentimes with interest (extra money)
48
What is speculation?
Risking money with the hope of earning it back.
49
What is a stock?
A part of company ownership that can be bought by individuals.
50
What is the Stock Market Crash
When multiple major stocks lose value and there isn’t enough money left to pay out to all the investors; can significantly hurt the economy
51
What is a tariff
A tax placed on an imported good (AKA a good coming into the U.S. from foreign countries)
52
What happened on Black Tuesday?
The stock market crashed on October 29, 1929.
53
What were Hoovervilles?
Shantytowns named after President Hoover during the Great Depression.
54
Who was elected in 1932 to help with the Great Depression?
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
55
What were the goals of the New Deal?
Relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform.
56
What were FDR's Fireside Chats?
Radio talks to calm the public about economic issues.
57
What was the Dust Bowl?
A series of dust storms in the 1930s that destroyed farms.
58
Who was Dorothea Lange?
A photographer who documented the struggles of the Great Depression.
59
What was the worst economic crisis in American history?
The Great Depression
60
At its peak, what percentage of Americans were unemployed during the Great Depression?
0.25
61
What was the Great Crash of 1929?
A major stock market collapse that contributed to the Great Depression.
62
What happened on Black Thursday?
On October 24, 1929, U.S. citizens sold the most stocks in a single day, losing over 11% of market value.
63
What happened on Black Tuesday?
On October 29, 1929, investors traded millions of stocks that became worthless, causing the stock market to 'reboot'.
64
Why did the U.S. government raise tariffs in the 1920s?
To encourage people to buy American-made products.
65
How did increased tariffs contribute to the Great Depression?
People had less money to buy goods, and foreign countries sent fewer products due to high import taxes.
66
What was the credit issue of the 1920s?
People bought goods on credit but could not repay their loans, leading to financial collapse.
67
Why did banks fail during the Great Depression?
Banks invested customer money in the stock market, and when it crashed, they lost money and couldn't pay back customers.
68
Why were homeless communities called 'Hoovervilles'?
They were named after President Herbert Hoover, blaming him for the economic crisis.
69
Who was elected in 1932 to address the Great Depression?
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR).
70
What was the New Deal?
A series of programs by FDR to help the American economy recover from the Great Depression.
71
What was the Brain Trust?
A group of experts who advised FDR on economic policies.
72
What were the three goals of the New Deal?
Relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform.
73
What happened in the first 100 days of FDR’s presidency?
Congress passed 15 major pieces of New Deal legislation.
74
What was the purpose of FDR’s bank holiday?
To close banks temporarily to prevent more from going out of business.
75
What were FDR’s Fireside Chats?
Radio talks where he reassured Americans about the economy.
76
What were the major features of the new deal
establish social security, unemployment insurance, federal works program, environment assistance program, farm asssitance program, increased labor rights, establish minimum wage
77
What program provided financial support for elderly citizens?
Social Security.
78
What was unemployment insurance?
Short-term financial aid for those who lost their jobs.
79
What were Federal Works Programs?
Government projects that created jobs, such as building monuments and infrastructure.
80
What were Farm Assistance Programs?
Programs to help struggling farmers during the Great Depression.
81
What was the Dust Bowl?
A series of severe dust storms in the 1930s that destroyed farms in the Midwest.
82
What caused the Dust Bowl?
Overfarming and drought made the soil dry, leading to massive dust storms.
83
How did the Dust Bowl impact people?
Millions lost their homes, and many migrated out of the Great Plains.
84
Who was Dorothea Lange?
A photographer who documented the struggles of the Great Depression.
85
What was Lange’s most famous photo?
'Migrant Mother,' which showed a struggling woman and her children during the Great Depression.

Kenzie US History (8 decks)

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