1930-1945 politics Flashcards
(28 cards)
What was the date of the Wall Street Crash?
24th October 1929(Black Thursday)
How many people became unemployed due to the Crash?
13 million
How many banks went bankrupt due to the Crash?
5,000 banks
How many people lost savings due to the Crash?
9 million people
What was the “bonus army”?
In 1932 a “bonus army” of unemployed war veterans marched on Washington to demand early payments of bonuses of about $500 scheduled to be paid in 1945
What was the dust bowl and what effect did it have?
The dust bowl meant that a lot of soil was infertile? there were droughts and thousands of farmers migrated across the USA.
What did hoover ask business leaders to do?
Not to cut production or wages
What was the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act 1932
It increased import duties on foreign good
How did Hoover help farmers?
He lent them money
What did Hoover set up?
relief agencies to co-ordinate local relief efforts
What did Hoover to do taxes?
He cut them
What did Hoover get approval from congress for?
$1.8 billion for new construction and repairs to roads and dams across the USA
What did Hoover persuade state and local governments to do?
Expand public works programmes
Approximately what percentage of the population had no income in 1932?
25%
Why did Roosevelt win the 1932 Election?
He overcome polio, offered hope, fireside chats, optimistic, not republicans who were blamed for the Depression, offered the people a new deal
What were the aims of the new deal?
Relief, Recovery and Reform
What did Roosevelt to do stop banks collapsing?
He closed all banks temporarily in March 1933 for 10 days and only opened those which had assets to reopen.
What was the Agricultural Adjustment Act?
The government paid farmers to produce less
What was the Tennessee Valley Authority?
This gave money to develop poor agricultural regions
What was the Civilian Conservation Corps?
This gave jobs to young unemployed men
What was the National Recovery Administration?
This tried to improve workers pay and conditions
What was the Federal Emergency Relief Administration?
This gave temporary measures providing $500 million for relief
What was the Works Progress Administration 1935 in the second new deal?
It funded building programs and organised relief programs, created community service schemes to employ actors, writers ext.
What was the Wagner Act 1935 (National Labour Relations Act) in the second new deal?
It upheld the right of workers to organise and enter into collective bargaining-helped workers and led to increase in Union membership
