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Unit 6: Micro > Bacterial Zoonoses > Flashcards

Bacterial Zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

What are zoonoses?

A

Diseases that can be spread from animals to humans under natural conditions

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2
Q

What part do humans play in the life cycle of zoonotic diseases?

A

They are not part of lifecycle; accidental insertion

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3
Q

What is the general reservoir for zoonoses?

A

Non-human animal species

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4
Q

What role does the vector play in zoonoses?

A

Transmits pathogen from reservoir to other animal; Vector can be reservoir as well

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5
Q

Typical vector of Bacillus anthracis?

A

No vector

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6
Q

Typical vector for Francisella tularensis?

A

Ticks, mosquitos, deer flies

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7
Q

Typical vector for Brucella species?

A

No vector

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8
Q

Typical vector for Yersinia pestis?

A

Fleas

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9
Q

Typical vector for Bartonella hensalae?

A

Fleas, possibly ticks

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10
Q

What is the normal lifecycle for Bacillus anthracis?

A

Cow and soil

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11
Q

What is the lifecycle of yersinia pestis?

A

Rat and flea

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12
Q

Lifecycle for Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica?

A

Horsefly/Mosquito/Tick and Rabbit/Beaver

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13
Q

Lifecycle for Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis?

A

Rabbit and Horsefly/Tick

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14
Q

What disease does Bacillus anthracis cause?

A

Anthrax

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15
Q

What are the three types of anthrax?

A
  • Cutaneous
  • Inhalational
  • GI
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16
Q

What are the pavlovian presenting Syx of Cutaneous Anthrax?

A
  1. Small sore that develops into a blister
  2. Blister turns into a skin ulcer with black eschar
  3. Significant edema
  4. Blister and ulcer DO NOT HURT
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17
Q

Pavlovian occupational risks of anthrax?

A

Dying cattle/Abattoir

18
Q

Tx for anthrax?

A

Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline

19
Q

Which type of tularemia is found in the US? Found in Europe?

A
  • US - type A - Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis
  • Europe - type B - Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica
20
Q

What are the 5 types of tularemia?

A
  • Ulceroglandular
  • Glandular
  • Oculoglandular
  • Oropharyngeal
  • Pneumonic
21
Q

What is the most common type of tularemia? Most severe?

A
  • Common - Ulceroglandular (following a tick or deer fly bite)
  • Severe - Pneumonic
22
Q

How is Brucella acquired?

A

Generally ingestion from infected meat (Cow, pig, sheep)

23
Q

What are the 3 most pathogenic form of Brucella?

A
  • B. melitensis
  • B. suis (Serovars 1,3,4)
  • B. abortus
24
Q

What are two Pavolvian signs that a cow is infected with Brucella abortus?

A
  • Spontaneous abortion in the 3rd trimester
  • Placenta has leathery look
25
Q

What are the 3 major routes of brucella transmission?

A
  • Contact of conjunctiva/broke skin
  • Ingestion
  • INhalation
26
Q

What is unique about the brucella incubation period?

A

5-21 days up to 3 months adding difficulty to Dx due to latency

27
Q

What is the pavolvian sign of Brucellosis?

A

Undulant FEVER

28
Q

What are the 3 most common complication of Brucellosis?

A
  1. Osteoarticular
  2. Hepatomegaly/Splenomegaly
  3. GI
29
Q

What is the most common form of lab test used for Brucellosis? Most definitive test?

A
  • Common - serology
  • Definitive - 4-fold rise in titer
30
Q

Tx for Brucellosis?

A

Doxycycline/streptomycin combination

31
Q

What is the plague caused by?

A

Yersinia Pestis

32
Q

What is the typical presentation of the bubonic plague?

A
  • Feber
  • Painful, swollen, tender lymph nodes (inguinal, axillary, or cervical)
33
Q

Typical Syx and progression of septicemic plague?

A
  • Fever
  • Prostration
  • Hemorrhagic/Thrombotic phenomena
  • Progressing to ACRAL gangrene
34
Q

Tx for plague?

A

Streptomycin

35
Q

What causes cat scratch fever?

A

Bartonella hensalae

36
Q

What pavlovian scenario would one suspect B. hensalae infection?

A

Getting a new kitten who doesn’t have their shots yet

37
Q

What is the lifecycle of B. henselae? How is it transmitted to humans?

A
  • Cats and fleas
  • Cat/flea bite
38
Q

A patient infected with HIV gets a concurrent B. henselae/quintana infection. What disease is this patient at risk for?

A

Bacillary angiomatosis

39
Q

Presentation of an immuncompetent person with Cat Scratch Fever?

A

Papule or pustule forming at the inoculation site

40
Q

What pathogens are associated with cat and dog bites?

A
  • Cat - primarily Pasteurella multocida
  • Dog - primarily Capnocytophaga canimorsus

Note: Either animal can present with either of the above diseases

Unit 6: Micro (13 decks)

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