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Neuroanatomy > Appendix A > Flashcards

Appendix A Flashcards

0
Q

Vertebrata

A

Subphylum in which man is classified

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1
Q

Chordata

A

Phylum in which man is clasified

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2
Q

Mammilia

A

Class in which man is classified in

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3
Q

Primate

A

Order in which man is classified

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4
Q

Homo sapiens

A

Proper way to write the genus and species of man

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5
Q

Adenohypophysis

A

The anterior and intermediate portions of the pituitary gland

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6
Q

Neurohypophysis

A

The posterior pituitary of “pars nervosa”

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7
Q

Hypophysis Cerebri

A

Pituitary Gland

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8
Q

Epiphysis Cerebri

A

Pineal Gland

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9
Q

Embryo

A

The name given the developing human prior to the end of the second month of gestation

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10
Q

Fetus

A

Name applied to the developing human after the second month through parturition

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11
Q

Neonate

A

The newborn infant

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12
Q

Dentate

A

Notched or toothlike

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13
Q

Arcuate

A

Arranged like an arch

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14
Q

Striae (striatal)

A

A groove or streak like formation

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15
Q

Rectus

A

means straight

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16
Q

Reticular

A

net like

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17
Q

Fissure

A

a relatively deep groove

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18
Q

Sulcus

A

a relatively shallow groove

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19
Q

Gyrus

A

Tortuous convolution, Usually found b/w suli and/or fissures of the cerebrum

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20
Q

Folia

A

Small page like gyri of the cerebellum

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21
Q

Nuclei

A

as used in neurology, a cluster or group of neuron cell bodies located w/i the CNS

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22
Q

Ganglia

A

A cluster or group of neuron cell bodies w/i the PNS

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23
Q

Neuron

A

a nerve cell

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24
Q

Perikaryon

A

Used synonymously with the cell(soma) of the neuron

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25
Q

Axon

A

A process of a neuron which carries the impulse away from the cell body

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26
Q

Dendrite

A

a process of a neuron which carries a charge or impulse toward the cell body

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27
Q

Fiber

A

if a neuron has a dominantly long process that process can be called a
“fiber” It may be designated also as a “nerve fiber” or a “neuron fiber”

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28
Q

Nerve

A

These are the whitish appearing PNS structures filled with neuron fibers which innervate the body’s parts

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29
Q

Ramus

A

literally means a branch. In neurology we call the major branches off the spinal nerve trunks the white ramus, gray ramus, dorsal ramus, ventral ramus…

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30
Q

Axolemma

A

Name often applied to the other plasma membrane of an axon

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31
Q

Neurilemma

A

a covering around a neuron fiber created by a surrounding cell
(may or may not be myelinated)

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32
Q

Vertebral Canal (Neural Canal)

A

Passageway created by the continuous nature of vertebral foramina

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33
Q

Central Canal

A

a tiny channel found within the spinal cord and inferior medulla oblongata

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34
Q

Aqueduct

A

passageway

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35
Q

Leptomeninx

A

Thin membrane

Collective term for the arachnoid mater and pia mater

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36
Q

Pachymeninx

A

Thick membrane

Used synonymously with the dura mater

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37
Q

Somethetic

A

to sense the body

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38
Q

Modality

A

a specific sensory entity, such as gustatory, olfaction, pain…

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39
Q

Proprioception

A

the modality of subconscious awareness of body position and muscle movement

40
Q

Kinesthesia

A

the modality of conscious awareness of body possition and muscle movement

41
Q

Adrenergic

A

the releasing of adrenalin like molecules at a target site

42
Q

Cholinergic

A

the releasing of choline like molecules at a target site

43
Q

Chiasma

A

a crossing usually relating to the crossing of optic fibers

44
Q

Decussation

A

a crossing, used more liberally to indicate crossing of fibers and tracts in the CNS

45
Q

Contralateral

A

to the opposite

46
Q

Ipsilateral

A

on the same side

47
Q

Anterograde

A

going forward. in neurology ofter refers to going away from the neuron cell body

48
Q

Retrograde

A

going backward. in neurology often refers to going back toward the cell body

49
Q

Fugal

A

traveling away from. used often as a suffix

ex: pallidalfugal

50
Q

Lesion

A

any type of injury, damage or “hurt” can be called a lesion

51
Q

Myelopathy

A

lesion of the spinal cord

52
Q

Necrosis

A

deadness. death of cell tissue

53
Q

Neoplasm

A

any new abnormal growth

54
Q

Malignant

A

spreading life threatening neoplasm

55
Q

Metastic

A

transferring to other tissue

56
Q

Idiopathic

A

generally used to mean something of unknown cause

57
Q

Ischemia

A

to suppress blood supply to an area. this results in abnormal function and may lead to necrosis

58
Q

Hematoma

A

an accumulation of blood outside of the blood vessels

59
Q

Aneurysm

A

an abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall and its lumen

60
Q

Stroke

A

blood vascular loss in the CNS leading to permanent or prolonged brain damage

61
Q

Angiography

A

X-ray of blood vessels injected with radiopaque dyes

62
Q

Myelography

A

X-ray of vertebral canal and spinal cord structures following injection of radiopaque dyes into the CSF

63
Q

Ataxia

A

general term for irregularity in skeletal muscle coordination

64
Q

Paralysis

A

total or partial loss of normal motor function

65
Q

Aphasia

A

inability to communicate by speech, writing or signs

66
Q

Dysphasia

A

a partial or unusual loss of communicative ability

67
Q

Archi

A

Prefix meaning beginning or original

68
Q

Paleo

A

Prefix meaning old, similar to but not used interchangeably with Archi in the CNS

69
Q

Neo

A

prefix meaning new. usually in contrast to Archi or Paleo

70
Q

Cauda Equina

A

horses’ tail

71
Q

Cephalgia

A

headache

72
Q

Cornu

A

horn like projection

73
Q

Crus

A

leg or leg like

74
Q

Cytoarchitecture

A

the pattern of cell arrangements

75
Q

Falx

A

sickle shaped

76
Q

Fenestra

A

window like

77
Q

Foramen

A

opening

78
Q

Glial

A

literally means glue like

Several CNS cell types are included as glial cells

79
Q

Micron

A

a metric system unit of length. the word means small and is measured at 1X10(-6) meters. is its abbreviation

80
Q

Operculum

A

means lid or covering

81
Q

Pallium

A

to cloak. used synonymously with cortex

82
Q

Pons

A

Bridge. located b/w the M.O. and the midbrain

83
Q

BBB

A

blood brain barrier

84
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

85
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident

86
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

87
Q

DRG

A

dorsal root ganglia

88
Q

IVF

A

intervertebral foramen

89
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram

90
Q

CAT

A

computerized axial tomography device

91
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

92
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

93
Q

M.O.

A

Medulla Oblongata

94
Q

M.S.

A

Multiple Sclerosis

95
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

96
Q

GABA

A

gamma amino-butyric acid

97
Q

ACH

A

acetylcholine

Neuroanatomy (3 decks)

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