Test 1

Question 1

Animal Genetics

Answer 1

1. Study of inheritance in animals

2. Science concerned with understanding how characteristics pass through genetics

Question 2

Animal Breeding

Answer 2

1. application of genetics to genetically improve farm animals
2. incorporates population and quantiatiative genetics and statistics
3. . based off seawall wright, jay lush, and charles henderson

Question 3

Phenotype

Answer 3

1. outward expression of genotype

2. physically observed trait

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

group of inter mating indivudals

Question 5

simply inherited trait

Answer 5

traits effected by only a few genes

Question 6

polygenic trait

Answer 6

no single gene having an overriding influence; affected by main genes

Question 7

DNA

Answer 7

1. deoxyribonucleic acid, genetic material controlling animals looks and performance
2. complex molecule composed of nucleotide joined by phosphate sugars
3. 2 chromosomes twisted with genes on them

Question 8

Gene

Answer 8

1. DNA sequence at a specific location on a chromosome; found in pairs
2. Form coding system that directs productions of enzymes and protoeins

Question 9

Genome

Answer 9

ordering of genes in haploid set of chromosomes of an organism ; full DNA

Question 10

chromosome

Answer 10

DNA molecules organized into pairs in every cell (exact some)

Question 11

homolog

Answer 11

one of the pairs of chromosomes with a corresponding loci

Question 12

haploid

Answer 12

1. 1/2 the number of chromosomes (sperm and eggs)

2. contains one complete set of chromosomes (n)

Question 13

diploid

Answer 13

full number of chromosomes (most cells); contains 2 sets of chromosomes (2n)

Question 14

locus

Answer 14

specific physical location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 15

allele

Answer 15

1. one or more forms of a gene on corresponding loci on homologous chromosomes
2. one from each parent

Question 16

autosomes

Answer 16

all chromosomes other than sex ones

Question 17

sex chromosomes

Answer 17

chromosomes in sperm and egg

Question 18

multiple alleles

Answer 18

1. more than 2 possible alleles at a locus

2. may be a subset for a longer series of alternative forms of a gene

Question 19

homozygote

Answer 19

one locus genotype with 2 identical genes

Question 20

heterozygote

Answer 20

one locus genotype with 2 different genes

Question 21

homozygous

Answer 21

1. when its sex linked trait all males are this because of an x linked trait

Question 22

law of segregation

Answer 22

when gametes for the genes at a given locus separate into different gametes during meiosis

Question 23

meiosis

Answer 23

mode of cell division in which reproductive cells are created that contain only one member of each pair of chromosomes

Question 24

gamete

Answer 24

sex cell

Question 25

law of independent assortment

Answer 25

genes assort independently during meisios if all possible gametes are formed in equal proportions

Question 26

zygote

Answer 26

the gametes of a sire and dam come together and combine; offspring

Question 27

dominance

Answer 27

is a property of a pair of alleles at a locus in relation to a particular phenotypic trait

Question 28

epstatis

Answer 28

a property of genes at different loci in relation to a particular phenotypic trait

Question 29

cattle

Answer 29

60

Question 30

sheep

Answer 30

54

Question 31

goats

Answer 31

60

Question 32

humans

Answer 32

46

Question 33

swine

Answer 33

38

Question 34

chickens

Answer 34

78

Question 35

turkeys

Answer 35

82

Question 36

horses

Answer 36

64

Question 37

donkeys

Answer 37

62