GI III Flashcards
What are the phenothiazines and benzamides used for?
Anti-emetic.
End in “-zine” and “-benzamine”
What do all the serotonin receptor antagonists end in? What are they used for?
“-setron” or “-sitron”
Anti-emetic
What is an anti-cholinergic that is used to treat diarrhea?
Atropine sulfate.
Relaxes all bowel smooth muscle.
What are the three opioid antagonists? What are they used for?
Loperamide, Dipenoxylate and Codeine sulfate.
Diarrhea
What is the mechanism of the opioid antagonists?
Stimulate mu receptors in GI tract: increased rectal tone, leading to segmentation of the colon and disruption of peristalsis.
Combined with atropine, which relaxes bowel.
What are two medications used for diarrhea that absorb water?
Metamucil and bismuth subsalicylate.
What constipation meds would you use for small, hard stools?
Psyllium seed, pethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
What are two anti-cholinergics that reduce spasm in IBS?
Dicyclomine HCl and Hyoscyamine sulfate.
What is a serotonergic antagonist used for diarrhea in BIS? What are its side effects?
losetron (blocks 5HT3).
Side effects: Ischemic bowel and constipation
What is a serotonergic agonist used for constipation in IBS?
Tegaserod maleate (hits 5HT4)
