1970-79

Question 1

Result of 1970 election

Answer 1

Conservative victory
Heath elected
Majority of 30

Question 2

Who became chancellor in 1970

Answer 2

Anthony Barber

Question 3

When was the Heath Industrial Relations Act

Answer 3

1971

Question 4

Key points of the Industrial Relations Act

Answer 4

Restricted right to strike by introducing new concept of “unfair industrial practice”
A National Industrial Relations Court set up to judge validity of strike action
Unions requires to submit to a government register to retain rights

Question 5

When did government return to a policy of controlling prices and incomes and why

Answer 5

1972

Response to inflation and declining industrial output

Question 6

When did the Heath strikes begin and why

Answer 6

1972

In response to the industrial relations act of 1971

Question 7

Key features of Heath miners strike

Answer 7

Led by National Union of Mineworkers

Arthur Scargill used flying pickets to prevent the movement of coal

Question 8

When did Britain sign the EEC treaty of ascension and when did they join the EEC

Answer 8

1972

New Year’s Day 1973

Question 9

When was the OPEC crisis

Answer 9

1973

Question 10

Features of OPEC crisis

Answer 10

OPEC countrues established greater control over their own oilfields

Arab members used oil as a weapon against the West due to support for Israel, causing oil supplies to the West to be dramatically reduced, causing price rises

Question 11

When was the 3 day week launched and why

Answer 11

1973

In an attempt to outlast the striking miners

Question 12

Result of the October 1974 election

Answer 12

Labour win election
Wilson returns as PM
Majority of 3

Question 13

What political agreement occurred in 1974

Answer 13

The Lib-Lab pact was signed

Question 14

When was the Northern Ireland Act

Answer 14

1974

Question 15

When we’re the Birmingham pub bombings

Answer 15

1974

Question 16

When was the Prevention of Terrorism Act passed

Answer 16

1974

Question 17

When was the EEC referendum and what was the result

Answer 17

July 1975

67% in favour

Question 18

Result of Feb 1974 election

Answer 18

Labour Win
Wilson returns as PM
17 short of majority
Led to Oct 1974 election

Question 19

When was the referendum on the Irish constitution and what was the result

Answer 19

1975

Rejected by unionists

Question 20

When was the employment discrimination act

Answer 20

1975

Question 21

When was the sex discrimination act

Answer 21

1975

Question 22

When was the social security act

Answer 22

1975

Question 23

When was the Social security pensions act

Answer 23

1975

Question 24

When did the pounds value drop below $2

Answer 24

March 1976

Question 25

When was the Industial Relations Act Repealed

Answer 25

1976

Question 26

When did Wilson resign and who replaced him

Answer 26

1976 James Callaghan

Question 27

When did Britain negotiate a loan from the IMF, for how much and who did it

Answer 27

Dennis Healey £3billion Sep 1976

Question 28

When was a wage rise ceiling brought in and for how much

Answer 28

Dec 1977 5%

Question 29

When did firefighters strike and what was the fallout

Answer 29

1977 Led to state of emergency

Question 30

What strike led to mass picketing and clashes with police (under Callaghan)

Answer 30

1977 Gruntwick firm

Question 31

What political change occurred in 1978

Answer 31

Labour allowed Lib-Lab pact to lapse Left Labour relying on the SNP

Question 32

When was the Scottish devolution referendum, what was the result and it’s impact

Answer 32

March 1979 Failed to provide clear mandate for devolution Labour dropped policy- lost SNP support

Question 33

How did strikes at ford end

Answer 33

17% pay rise

Question 34

What did the lorry drivers strike threaten to impact and how was it averted

Answer 34

Threatened national food supply Averted by 20% raise

Question 35

When did the government lose a vote of no confidence

Answer 35

1979

Question 36

Who was responsible for the Birmingham bombings and how many killed

Answer 36

IRA 21 people killed

Question 37

Why did Heath call the Feb 1974 election

Answer 37

Designed to give government a mandate against the miners Led to a battle over inflation

Question 38

When was the Battle of Saltley Gate and what tatics used

Answer 38

Arthur Scargill used flying pickets to prevent supplies leaving the plant and cripple the coal industry Feb 1972

Question 39

What was work-to-rule and when was it used

Answer 39

Work-to-rule is doing the Bare minimum as outlined in your contract Used by the miners after the government introduced 6 month pay freeze in 1973

Question 40

What was Wilson’s social contract

Answer 40

A deal between the miners union and government Government under Labour agreed to repeal 1971 Industrial Relations Act, miners agreed to restraint in demands

Question 41

What pay rise did miners eventually receive

Answer 41

35%

Question 42

Example of new right policies under Heath

Answer 42

Introduction of Industrial Relations Act John Davies, career business man, brought in as Head of Department for Trade and Industry- attempted to avoid bailing out companies Anthony Barber as chancellor removed the Prices and Incomes board allowing market forces to rule the economy

Question 43

Failures of Heaths new right policy

Answer 43

Income running at 15% meant that Heath was forced to rebuild the Prices and Incomes Board and take power off market forces Forces to bail out Rolls Royce and Upper Clyde Shipbuilders due to political reasons The toothlessness of Industrial Relations Act and backlash led to union conflict

Question 44

Benefits of EEC membership

Answer 44

Gained access to European markets Could negotiate as part of European block Gave British people greater opportunity of movement

Question 45

Issues with EEC membership

Answer 45

Britains weak negotiating position as could not survive economically on its own Lost special trade relationship with commonwealth eg Cheap food Forces to contribute to EEC budget Higher prices for British consumers Forces to add VAT

Question 46

Signs of British embarrassment on world stage

Answer 46

Arab countries- previously British subjects, held Britain over the barrel and caused political turmoil over oil crisis Ugandan dictator, former British colony, offered to support Britian economically- major embarrassment Forced to join EEC from weak position going cap in hand

Question 47

Consequences of IMF loan

Answer 47

Loan granted on condition of reduced public spending Good negotiating meant that cuts less than expected Britain only ever had to use half of IMF loan and was fully repaid by time Labour left office

Question 48

Events of 22nd Jan 1979

Answer 48

1.5 million public sector workers, including grave diggers and bin men, go on strike, painting a visceral image of the failing of the British government

Question 49

Inflation in March 1974

Answer 49

17.2%

Question 50

How was labour divided under Callaghan

Answer 50

Left- angry over public sector cuts (IMF loan), pro-union and anti EEC Right- saw the needs for cuts, frustrated by unions and pro EEC

Question 51

Special Relationship under Heath

Answer 51

Heath and Nixon distant personally Britains entrance into the EEC seen as step away from Social relationship in the states

Question 52

Relationship between Ford/Carter and Callaghan

Answer 52

Ford and Callaghan Described as close When Carter took over, diplomatic relationships low key due to economic issues there was still a “very special” relationship

Question 53

When was the last vote of no confidence before 1979

Answer 53

1924

Question 54

Strengths of Thatcher 1974-79

Answer 54

Working with companies such as Saatchi and Saatchi to produce election posters Traditional views looked for in troubling circumstances Offered a route out of economic black hole Attempted to “restore incentives so that hard work pays”