Cold Environments

Question 0

Why do glacial sand interglacial happen

Answer 0

Milankovitch cycles
Volcanic eruptions
Sunspot activity variation
Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide
Continental drift
Variation in ocean currents

Question 1

Milankovitch cycle

Answer 1

The 95 000 year stretch
The 42 000 year tilt
The 21 000 year wobble

Question 2

Development of a glacier

Answer 2

Snow lands as a snowflake
New snow lands and air is compressed out of forming granular snow
More air compressed out forming firn
Years of compression form glacier ice

Question 3

How glaciers occur

Answer 3

Ice/snow must remain in the ground for a year

Question 4

Snow line
Zone of accumulation
Zone of ablation

Answer 4

Equilibrium
Above the snow line
Below the snow line

Question 5

Cold base glacier (polar)

Answer 5

Temperature is V. Cold
Gentle gradient
Due to extreme cold ice does not melt (even under pressure)
Moves by internal flow

Question 6

Warm based glacier (alpine)

Answer 6

Varying temperature
Steep gradient
Summer melting + pressure melting point
Basal slippage

Question 7

Glacial movement

Answer 7

Creep
Compressing & extending
Surge

Question 8

Erosion processes

Answer 8

Abrasion

Plucking