Child Bearing Anatomy

Question 1

Mons Pubis

Answer 1

fat pad on top of the pubic bone that cushions the pelvis

Question 2

Labia Majora and Minora

Answer 2

Rich in sebaceous glands (lubrication and bactericide). Provides protection for inner structures

Question 3

Clitoris

Answer 3

Rich in blood and nerves. Secretes smegma (odour is a sexual stimulant)

Question 4

Paraurethral Glands

Answer 4

Lubricates vaginal vestibule to facilitate intercourse

Question 5

Bartholin’s Glands

Answer 5

secretes a clear, thick, alkaline (acidic) substance that enhances viability and mobility of sperm

Question 6

Perineum

Answer 6

wedge shaped area between vagina and the anus

Question 7

What are the two sections of the uterus?

Answer 7

Corpus (upper 2/3)

isthmus (lower 1/3)

Question 8

what are the three layers of the uterus?

Answer 8

Perimetreum (outer layer)
Myometrium (muscular middle layer)
Endometrium (inner mucous membrane, influenced by hormones)

Question 9

What are the three layers of the Myometrium

Answer 9

Outer layer: top portion of the uterus. Has longitudinal fibers to push down on the baby.

Middle layer: interlacing fibers in a figure 8/wave pattern. surrounds blood vessels and acts as a tourniquet to stop bleeding after birth

Inner layer: horizontal fibers that circle the uterus. Act as a sphincter at the internal os of the cervix

Question 10

What is the purpose of the myometrium being continuous with the fallopian tubes, vagina, and ligaments?

Answer 10

Allows the organs to present a unified reaction during ovulation and orgasms. All layers act as a whole

Question 11

Cervix

Answer 11

the neck of the uterus

Question 12

Internal and external Os

Answer 12

Internal and external openings of the cervix

Question 13

What are the 4 types of pelvises?

Answer 13

Glynecoid - most favourable (normal heart shape)

Android - not favourable. heart is smaller (male like) fetal head enters in transverse or posterior position.

Antrhropoid - vertically elongated heart shape. Favourable

Platypelloid - horizontally elongated heart shape. not favourable. fetal head engages in
transverse position

Question 14

What is the Bregma (frontal fontanelle)?

Answer 14

Large diamond shaped intersection between frontal cranial sutures (much larger than posterior)

Question 15

Define Mentum

Answer 15

Fetal chin

Question 16

Define Sinciput

Answer 16

Anterior area known as the brow

Question 17

Define Vertex

Answer 17

Area between the anterior and posterior fontanelles

Question 18

Posterior fontanelle

Answer 18

triangle shaped intersection between posterior cranial sutures (smaller than bregma)

Question 19

Occiput

Answer 19

the bony area of the occipital bone

Question 20

What is caput succedaneum (usually just called caput)?

Answer 20

it is the localized swelling (can be bruising) of the soft tissue of the scalp. Occurs in long/difficult labours or vacuum extractions.

It is present at birth, crosses suture lines, and goes away 12 hours to a few days

Question 21

What is cephalhematoma?

Answer 21

a collection of blood resulting from ruptured blood vessels between the surface of the cranial bone and perioseteal membrane

Never crosses suture lines, swelling takes time to appear after birth, takes 6 weeks to clear.

Question 22

Why does jaundice occur in newborns?

Answer 22

when a baby is born it has excessive amounts of RBCs and begin to break down the excess. Their small liver has to pull out the biproducts and because it is not fully developed, it can be overloaded resulting in jaundice.

Question 23

Why does cephalhematoma increase the chance of jaundice?

Answer 23

The swelling is a result of capillaries bursting. This means that there are more RBCs to break down than a baby normally would have to deal with.

Question 24

What is the linea Nigra?

Answer 24

a dark vertical line that appears on the abdomen in about 3/4 of all pregnancies