Surgical Procedeurs

Question 1

What is Ovariohysterectomy?

Answer 1

Spay or neuter, sterilization of a female dog or cat and elimination of the estrous cycle

Question 2

What does an ovariohysterectomy treat/prevent?

Answer 2

infections of the reproductive tract, cancer, and traumatic injuries to the uterous

Question 3

What are some myths about ovariohysterectomies?

Answer 3

It is good to have one litter before being spayed, spayed animals get fat, and dogs and cats over 3 years are two old

Question 4

Where does the incision start in a spay?

Answer 4

At the umbilicus

Question 5

What is a disadvantage of a ovariohysterectomy?

Answer 5

Supposedly urinary incontinence due to lack of estrogen

Question 6

What can be prescribed for urinary incontinence?

Answer 6

phenylpropanalamine

Question 7

What is involved with postoperative care for OHE?

Answer 7

Restricted exercise until external sutures are removed, keep the pet clean and dry, inspect Sx site daily, report any abnormalities

Question 8

When do external sutures come out for the OHE?

Answer 8

2 weeks

Question 9

At what age are animals able to get spayed?

Answer 9

5-6 months

Question 10

Why do we typically not spay when in heat?

Answer 10

the increased blood supply can cause hemorrhaging

Question 11

What is a Hysterotomy?

Answer 11

A cesarean section, the delivery of a fetus by surgical incision through the abdomen and uterus

Question 12

Why would we do a cesarean section?

Answer 12

Malpositioned fetus, oversized fetus, abnormal fetus, small pelvic canal of the mother, insufficient dialation, uterine intertia

Question 13

What is a gravid uterus?

Answer 13

The uterus is full of fetuses

Question 14

What is the procedure for a cesarean section?

Answer 14

Uterus is pulled out and put ontop of moist sponges. An incision is made on the venteral aspect and the fetuses are pushed towards incision. they are pulled out and the amniotic sac is ruptured and umbilical cord is clamped.

Question 15

What are 3 emergency drugs to have on hand for neonatal care?

Answer 15

doxapram, naloxone, and epinephrine

Question 16

What is doxapram?

Answer 16

a respiratory stimulant, goes under tounge

Question 17

what is naloxne?

Answer 17

reduces the effects of opiates

Question 18

how far from the body do you ligate the umbilical cord?

Answer 18

1cm from the body

Question 19

What is an orchiectomy?

Answer 19

astration or neuter. Sterilization of a male

Question 20

What does an orchiectomy prevent/treat?

Answer 20

Undesirable behavior, reproductive tracts cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 21

What age can an animal get a orchiectomy?

Answer 21

5-6 months

Question 22

What can happen if an older male is casterated?

Answer 22

Male tendencies wont immediately go away and the dog will still be fertile for a few weeks

Question 23

what does postoperative care include for orchiectomies?

Answer 23

restrict exercise, keep animal clean and dry, keep away from licking or biting

Question 24

What procedure needs suspension of a body part in order to stretch out muscles and realign the bones?

Answer 24

orthopedic surgery

Question 25

What is an onyectomy?

Answer 25

A declaw

Question 26

where would you apply a tourniquet for a onyectomy?

Answer 26

proximal to elbow

Question 27

What would you remove in a declaw?

Answer 27

the claw and third phalynx

Question 28

what is an alternative to onyectomy?

Answer 28

tenectomy

Question 29

what is a tenectomy?

Answer 29

tendon is cut making the claws stay retracted but will still grow.

Question 30

when do you dock a puppies tail or remove the dewclaw?

Answer 30

3-5 days of age

Question 31

what type of sanitation is recommended?

Answer 31

aspetic

Question 32

when is gastroentestinal surgery best preformed?

Answer 32

on an empty stomch

Question 33

what should you do before opening up the GI tract?

Answer 33

remove the gi tract from the abdomen

Question 34

what would you use laparotomy sponges for?

Answer 34

to isolate the sx site from the abdomen

Question 35

what is orthopedic surgery?

Answer 35

surgery involving the skeletal system and associated structures

Question 36

what do orthopedic surgeries include?

Answer 36

bone fractures, articular joint dislocation reduction, arthroscopy, CCL, luxating patella stabilization

Question 37

what is a coxofemoral luxation?

Answer 37

hip dislocation

Question 38

what are the five things bone fractures can be classified by?

Answer 38

bone involved, open or closed, location of fracture on the bone, type of fracture, reducible or not?

Question 39

what are 5 types of fractures?

Answer 39

transverse, obliquie, spiral, comminuted reducible, comminuted non reducible

Question 40

what are two options for fracture repair?

Answer 40

internal fixation, external fixation,

Question 41

what is internal fixation?

Answer 41

bone plates, intramedullary pins, cerclage wire

Question 42

what is external fixation?

Answer 42

kirschner-ehmer fixation, casts, splints

Question 43

what could be considered postoperative care for bone fracture surgery?

Answer 43

analgesic administration, antibiotic adminitsration, physical confinement, follow up xrays

Question 44

how often should a healing fracture get xrayed?

Answer 44

every 4-6 weeks

Question 45

what is a flexable endoscope used for?

Answer 45

used for examining organs

Question 46

what is a ridgid endoscope used for?

Answer 46

used for examining organs where the insertion tube does not need to bend

Question 47

what are some components of the endoscope?

Answer 47

fiberoptic light cable and source, air source, water source, suction, biopsy and retreival.

Question 48

what can ethyl oxide be used for?

Answer 48

to sterilize surgical instruments at lower temps than those required in a regular autoclave

Question 49

what are the disadvantages of ethyl oxide?

Answer 49

it can be toxic and flammable