19th Century Immigration

Question 1

a problem that causes people to immigrate to another place; war, famine, economic problems in their home nation

Answer 1

push factors

Question 2

an attraction that draws immigrants to another place; promise of a better life, better jobs, etc.

Answer 2

pull factors

Question 3

land that is suitable for growing crops; driving factor for immigrants from Europe in the late 1800s was that there was a lack of this in their home country.

Answer 3

arable

Question 4

organized anti-Jewish attacks that forced many Jews to leave Russia

Answer 4

pogroms

Question 5

people that originate from the nations of Sweden, Denmark, Norway; these groups of people immigrated to the United States in large numbers in the latter half of the 1800s.

Answer 5

Scandinavians

Question 6

letters from immigrants in the United States to friends and relatives in the old country, which spurred further immigration

Answer 6

“American Letters”

Question 7

the open area below a steamship’s main deck, where most immigrants lived during the Atlantic crossing

Answer 7

steerage

Question 8

the location in New York Harbor in which new European immigrants passed through before being allowed into the country;

Answer 8

Ellis Island

Question 9

a forced return of immigrants to their home country

Answer 9

deportation

Question 10

an immigrant who signed a contract in Europe to work for an American employer, often to replace a striking worker; controversial for how these workers were used to replace striking workers.

Answer 10

contract laborers

Question 11

a community center that provided a variety of services to the poor, especially to immigrants; Hull House

Answer 11

settlement houses

Question 12

powerful leaders who ran local politics in many cities, providing jobs and social services to immigrants in exchange for political support; Boss Tweed in NYC

Answer 12

political bosses

Question 13

the assimilation of immigrants into American society, a goal of some patriotic groups who feared that increased immigration threatened American society and values

Answer 13

Americanization

Question 14

the policy of favoring the interests of native-born Americans over those of immigrants; gained more notice in the late 1800s

Answer 14

nativism

Question 15

an 1882 law prohibiting the immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years and preventing Chinese already in the country from becoming citizens; the first U.S. immigration restriction based solely on nationality or race

Answer 15

Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 16

the port of entry for most Asian immigrants arriving in San Francisco between 1910 and 1940; the “Ellis Island of the West.”

Answer 16

Angel Island