19th Century Music Flashcards
(21 cards)
Tchaikovsky
1840-1893
Most famous Russian composer for 19th century music
Tchaikovsky composed…
6 (7?) symphonies, 4 symphonic poems, 3 concertos
Tchaikovsky and other 19th century composers inspired…
Russian national movement in music
Autocracy
A system governed by one person with absolute power ( unconditional sense of loyalty )
Sonata form in order
- Exposition
- Development
- recapitulation
- Coda
Exposition
Main theme stated
Usually has 2 themes
The two different themes are often differentiated by key. ( relative major/minor)
Starts in tonic key
Development.
Musical ideas are developed/explored
Harmony
Change in rhythm and instrumentation
Recapitulation
Exposition (main theme) repeated with some changes.
Usually settled in key (tonic)
Coda
At the end of recapitulation
Used to give movement clear and memorable finish
Cadences (5-1)
Fantasie
Free form
Usually attached to larger work
first form of improvisation
Overture
Opening to a work
Musical guide to what’s going to happen
Program music
Musical ideas of literary or personal drama
Symphonic poem
One movement
Suggests a scene
Absolute music
Music not particularly about anything
Melody
Most recognizable theme
Most musically satisfying
Harmony
Structure of two or more notes SUPPORTING the melody.
Countermelody
Accompaniment
Chordal
Cadenza
Solo passage heard at the end of a large orchestral work
Suggests an improvised style
Not all concertos have cadenzas
Pedal point
A sustained tone through changes of harmony
Sehnsucht
German for longing
Yearning for the unattainable
Exoticism
Fascination with the distant and foreign
Inspired by dances and chromatic harmony and colorful orchestrations
Nationalism
19th century political climate marked by patriotic fervor
Desire for independence
