19th century states - east & central africa Flashcards
(15 cards)
what were the three main exports from east africa across the indian ocean?
slaves, cloves and ivory
2 main exports into east africa?
cloth and firearms
why was zanzibar so crucial for trade
its location on the coastline, linking east africa with Oman
which action proved zanzibars importance?
the Omani capital was briefly moved to zanzibar
which notoriously difficult to grow crop flourished in Zanzibar?
cloves
according to richard reid, between 1800-1860 how many slaves annually imported into Zanzibar were there
went from 7000-70000 by 1860
by 1891 what percentage of the worlds ivory was imported from Zanzibar?
75%
what caused trade routes to shift more centrally away from zanzibar?
depleting population of elephants for ivory
who is an example of a fluid racial hierarchy within Oman?
Tippu Tip - he owned many plantations and slaves yet also went on hunting trips for ivory himself
by the 1880s how many firearms were sold into East africa annually?
100000
what did John Iliffe say about the growing violence within east africa?
‘Eastern Africa entered a downward spiral of violence’
why were guns so crucial for the slave trade?
those who owned guns were able to control the market due to their sheer firepower
in which two ways did authority in east africa change?
control of trade and military force replaced older forms of authority
individuals became less powerful e.g. chiefs
who was the Mirambo of the Nyamwezi and why was he so important?
the son of a small groups chief
united all the ethnic groups within the Nyamwezi and dominated the slave trade within Zanzibar
what is monroes argument?
local actors within africa were far more important in shaping local african politics than other scholars give credit for
