1ST GRADING Flashcards
(134 cards)
1
Q
He is the renowned author of “The Jungle Book”.
A
Rudyard Kipling
2
Q
A popular collection of short stories for children.
A
The Jungle Book
3
Q
Rudyard Kipling earned this prize through his powerful observation, creative imagination, and excellent narration, which he was able to meaningfully portray the people of his time in his works.
A
1907 Nobel Prize in Literature
4
Q
large, disordered pile of things
A
heap
5
Q
a game in which players throw coins to a mark, after which the one who lands his/her coin nearest the mark tosses all the coins and wins all that land with the head up
A
pitch-and-toss
6
Q
tissue that connects muscles to bones
A
sinew
7
Q
A literary device in which contrasting words, phrases, clauses, or sentences are juxtaposed to emphasize a point.
A
Antithesis
8
Q
It involves delivering speech in front of an audience in formal situations or occasions.
A
Public speaking
9
Q
In public speaking, the speaker expresses or communicates his or her ideas with the aim of influencing the listeners. The speaker does this through?
A
facial expressions, gestures, and the effective and purposive use of words.
10
Q
Two important factors that make public speaking effective.
A
Personality and Intelligence
11
Q
It is the totality of a person’s physical, emotional, and mental qualities.
A
Personality
12
Q
The delivery of a speech reveals the what of the speaker?
A
attitude, mindset, emotional maturity, confidence
13
Q
It affects the kind of speech that one delivers. It shows in the content and organization of the speech and how it is delivered.
A
Intelligence
14
Q
This refers to the language adjusted to match your purpose and the situation.
A
Language register
15
Q
Two basic types of language register.
A
Formal Register and Informal Register
16
Q
It is the main determinant of the language register that we use in the English language.
A
degree of formality of the situation
17
Q
It is used when we are expected to respond, either in writing or speaking, in a serious tone or manner.
A
Formal register
18
Q
Formal register is usually used in?
A
academic documents and business correspondence
19
Q
It is used when we engage in casual conversations with a friend or a family member or when we write personal letters.
A
Informal register
20
Q
What are the seven factors that characterize informal register?
A
- contractions
- abbreviations
- shortened sentences
- ellipses
- slang
- colloquial terms
- code-switching
21
Q
These serve as tools in developing your communication skills.
A
Graphic organizers
22
Q
After reading a text or listening to a speaker, you can create this through graphic organizers?
A
visual representation of the ideas taken
23
Q
Graphic organizers help in?
A
- determining the purpose of the author or the speaker
- organize your thoughts and ideas especially if there are a lot of information to share with your audience when preparing for writing or speaking tasks
- effectively divide and categorize your information to support essential points.
24
Q
Different kinds of graphic organizers.
A
- word web, cluster web
- tree diagram
- character map, spider map
- flowchart, timeline, cycle map
- Venn diagram, T-chart
- fishbone
25
Use these graphic organizers to show definition.
Word web and Cluster web
26
Use this graphic organizer to show hierarchy.
Tree diagram
27
Use these graphic organizers to show description.
Character map and Spider map
28
Use these graphic organizers to show sequence of events.
Flowchart, Timeline, Cycle map
29
This can also be used to show process analysis.
Flowchart
30
Use these graphic organizers to show comparison.
Venn diagram and T-chart
31
Use this graphic organizer to show cause and effect.
Fishbone
32
When a pronoun functions as an object and refers to the subject of the sentence, it is called?
Reflexive pronoun
33
From this term, it aims to refer back to to the subject as the receiver of the action.
reflexive
34
It does not necessarily refer back to the subject of the sentence but puts emphasis on the noun or pronoun that precedes it.
Intensive pronoun
35
However, it can be removed and the idea of the sentence will remain the same. It refers to the noun that precedes it whether it acts as a subject or not.
Intensive pronoun
36
A statement about an occurrence or phenomenon that actually happened or is undeniably currently taking place.
Factual statement
37
A factual statement is something that is known to be true or real because it is formulated with the use of evidence such as?
data, statistics, research, testimony, direct observation
38
When writing an essay, factual statements can be used to support what?
key points
39
It is a belief on something that has occurred or exists. It does not necessarily have to be true or real because it is a form of judgement or view. Unlike a factual statement, an opinion differs from one person to another.
Opinion
40
It is usually formed with the use of words that show how you feel and what you think about something. Subjective words like outstanding, worse, nice, pretty, and good are usually used.
statement of opinion
41
When writing an essay, these can be introduced by expressions like:
In my opinion...
I personally think...
I think that it is best...
May I point out that...
In my experience...
I believe that...
opinionated statements
42
She is originally from Kerala, India. Together with her husband and children, she lived in Nigeria and moved to the USA.
Valsa George
43
Despite their constant travel due to her husband's work, Valsa continued to teach her children about their roots and cultural heritage including their native language called? She wanted to make sure that her children never forget their heritage despite being raised in a western society that is very much different from theirs.
Malayalam
44
a decorative box used to store jewels
casket
45
customs; behaviors accepted by society
mores
46
cannot be taken away or removed
inalienable
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moving back and forth from one position to another
oscillating
48
broken or cracked
fractured
49
Literary elements that allow the readers to feel what the author wants to feel. They can likewise suggest the purpose of the author.
Tone and Mood
50
It refers to the attitude of the author towards his or her work, the characters in it, or the audience. It reflects his or her feelings which can be objective, solemn, playful, ironic, critical, sarcastic, philosophical, reverent, and so on.
Tone
51
It is the dominant emotion or atmosphere felt as one reads the text. The author plays with words creatively, through the use of images and word associations, to indirectly elicit this emotion. The mood can be romantic, frightening, mysterious, melancholic, sentimental, and so on.
Mood
52
The fear of speaking in front of an audience is a common drawback. This is very detrimental because it prevents us from expressing our thoughts and feelings. Likewise, it makes us insecure and ineffective. This fear is called?
Glossophobia
53
Glossophobia is more commonly known as?
stage fright or stage anxiety
54
7 techniques in public speaking to overcome your fear.
1. Prepare your speech.
2. Practice what you will say.
3. Know your audience.
4. Be familiar with the venue.
5. Relax.
6. Be the authority.
7. Talk to your audience.
55
This, both in writing and speaking is used in a more relaxed way as it contains shorter and simpler forms of words, slang, and colloquial terms. Likewise, it does not always follow the rules of grammar strictly since doing so would appear unnatural. It is used in everyday personal conversations with friends and family or in situations where we know too well the people involved.
Informal register
56
Aside from libraries, this is another source of information that can be very useful in research. It is actually an online library and no one can probably measure how much information it holds.
Internet
57
Internet features that can be used in research.
Search engines, Websites, Blogs, Chat rooms, Multimedia
58
These are tools that are designed to help us look for information about a topic we need to research on. These provide the location in the Internet that we can visit to find out more about the topic.
Search engines
59
The most popular search engine at present. Millions of people use it for research because it can provide a comprehensive list of relevant websites.
Google
60
Most information are distributed and posted online through these. Each of these hosts different web pages that contain information and other materials on a particular topic and purpose. They can be personal, educational, political, or commercia.
Websites
61
These are similar to journals or diaries, only they are interactive; because once the author/writer posts his or her entry, readers can immediately view it and write their feedback, reaction, or comment, which makes the blog interactive.
Blogs
62
Unlike a journal or diary which is for personal keep, blogs are created to be shared publicly. Blogs can cover topics ranging from personal to political or from a narrow subject to a whole range of concepts. The challenge is finding out which blogs are?
credible and reliable
63
Created to have an avenue for students, researchers, or any individual to talk about pre-selected topics or issues. Usually, chat rooms have labels or titles to ensure that what is discussed falls under the chosen topic.
Chat rooms
64
Chat rooms are sometimes called?
message boards and discussion lists
65
There are _ in chat rooms as well. Most of the time, he/she creates a set of rules and has the authority to remove chatters in the room if they do not comply. The good thing with chat rooms is that different individuals contribute to the discussion of a topic.
Moderators
66
The Internet possesses different kinds of integrated media of different formats. It can be a picture, video, music, film, or animation. Unlike in a library where one has to physically go there and borrow a CD or videotape in order to listen to music or watch a film, with the internet, it is much easier to make multimedia work even in the comfort of your home. You simply need a laptop or computer and Internet access to enjoy multimedia. A simple click will allow you to access whatever you need. It is very useful for there are usually many multimedia for difficult topics and various subjects.
Multimedia
67
Helping verbs combined with other verbs to indicate mood or tense. They are better understood by learning their functions.
Modals
68
Among modals' functions are?
to express possibility, to show ability, to express necessity, or to give or to ask permission
69
It is used when you want to convince or influence others to do or believe in something that you also do or believe in. This is the kind of writing used in advertising. An author must be able to present clearly and effectively his or her points to persuade the readers.
Persuasive Text
70
She was born in London in 1882, at a time when women were heavily stereotyped and allowed very limited rights. She was educated at home through her father's abundant library because formal and higher education was allowed only to males.
Virginia Woolf
71
Virginia Woolf joined the group organized by her brother and his Cambridge friends, and engaged in intellectual conversations that covered literature, economics, philosophy, arts, politics, and theories on sexuality. She bloomed with this group that treated her equally.
Bloomsburry Group
72
She rose as one of the most important modernists in the literary world through her superb style in writing that gave use:
Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, Orlando, A Room of One's Own
73
A story of Virginia Woolf addressed to a branch of the National Society for Women's Service on January 21, 1931.
Professions for Women
74
a ghost
phantom
75
clever tricks
wiles
76
make someone less angry or more friendly; pacify
conciliate
77
circle of light on top of a holy figure
halo
78
a state that is like being asleep but still capable of moving and responding
trance
79
The author's choice of words or his or her expressive vocabulary. It can be formal, informal, colloquial, slang, poetic, plain, abstract, concrete, etc. The author's choice depends on the subject, purpose, or audience of his or her written work.
Diction.
80
Diction likewise influences this because the choice of words also reveals the emotion of the author.
tone of the piece
81
This, in public speaking, refers to the courtesy and respect that must be applied by speakers when delivering any kind of speech in public. It likewise says something about the speaker's credibility.
Ethics
82
Ethics in public speaking.
1. Prepare well for the speech.
2. Do not offend anyone.
3. Follow the time allotted to you.
4. Turn of any gadget in your possession.
5. Greet the audience appropriately.
6. Reflect what you say.
7. Observe correct proximity.
8. Present information with reliable sources.
9. Provide a conclusion.
10. Walk the talk.
83
This is characterized by the strict adherence to grammar rules and formal vocabulary. It is used in serious writing and speaking or when someone you do not know is involved.
Formal register
84
Pointers on how to use the formal register.
1. Avoid contractions and shortened phrases.
2. Avoid using slang.
3. Avoid using abbreviations.
4. Avoid code-switching.
5. Use the third-person point of view in academic writing. This is often preferred although there are some style guides (e.g., APA format) that allow the use of the first-person point of view.
85
A painstaking activity that should be carried out in an organized and systematic manner. As you go through a lot of information from different sources, you have to ensure that you get the important ones and that these are carefully noted down.
Research
86
Publication details that you should include in your bibliography later on, namely:
* Author
* Book title
* Publisher
* Year of publication
* Place of publication
* Copyright year
* Page number where the article is found
87
It aims not only to share information, but more importantly, to convince the readers to believe in something or do something. An effective one shows logical arguments to build up its position. It relies on facts, logical deductions, statements from experts, and other evidence to persuade the readers to believe in it.
Persuasive essay
88
He was a French novelist, poet, and playwright.
Jules Verne
89
His adventure novels were considered revolutionary because at the time of their publication, the journeys depicted in these novels were not yet possible.
Around the World in Eighty Days, Journey to the Center of the Earth, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
90
Excerpts from one of Verne's novels, which involve characters set on a journey to the moon. The novel was published in 1865, more than a hundred years before the first actual trip to the moon.
From the Earth to the Moon
91
an opinion or theory so formed or expressed
conjecture
92
a hollow shape in which anything is formed or cast
mould
93
containing or resembling clay
clayey
94
has a curved surface that connects parallel circular or elliptical bases
cylindrical
95
has a curved surface that connects parallel circular or elliptical bases
cylindrical
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a secret meeting
rendezvous
97
intense delight
ecstasy
98
without satisfactory or decisive effect
ineffectual
99
an assembly or gathering
concourse
100
never stopping; continuous
incessant
101
a total of
aggregate
102
a high point of land or rock projecting into the sea or other water beyond the line of coast
promontory
103
inadequately satisfied
scantily gratified
104
firm; unyielding
inflexible
105
lack of good judgement
inprudence
106
insult deliberately
affront
107
very big; huge; vast
immense
108
the highest point that can be attained
ne plus ultra
109
state of being happy in a high degree; bliss
felicity
110
the act of flowing in
influx
111
great or outstanding
illustrious
112
giving out or having deep, loud sound
sonorous
113
a great number
multitude
114
persons who are celebrating with other people in a usually wild and noisy way
revelers
115
expressed through gesturing
gesticulated
116
resolution
denouement
117
outside the bounds (of acceptable behavior)
beyond the pale
118
supplies of food
victuals
119
The excerpts of From the Earth to the Moon are told in?
third-person point of view
120
The manner in which a story is narrated or presented from an outsider's perspective, or one who is not involved in the story.
Point of view
121
The readers learn about the story through this person's?
point of view
122
Two variations of this point of view.
Third-person limited and Third-person omniscient
123
The narrator can only relate events and describe the characters and the setting.
Third-person limited point of view
124
The narrator could relate events, describe the characters and the setting, and express the thoughts and feelings of the characters. It knows everything.
Third-person omniscient point of view
125
The occasion or event when a speech is delivered in front of an audience or the public. Knowing the occasion allows the speaker to suit the topic and tenor of the speech to the audience's expectations.
public speaking situation
126
Public speaking events that are considered personal affairs.
* weddings (e.g., giving wishes during the wine toast)
* birthdays and anniversaries (e.g., debut, golden anniversary, retirement dinner)
* funeral/wake (e.g., eulogy)
127
Public speaking events that are considered public affairs.
* awarding ceremonies (e.g., giving or accepting an award)
* public address (e.g., valedictory address, welcome address, closing remarks)
* business or academic meetings (e.g., presenting business or research proposal)
* social events (e.g., advocating a cause)
* product or company/organization launch (e.g., promoting a product/an organization)
* giving a demonstration (e.g., teaching or cooking demo)
* political campaigns (e.g., local or national elections)
* assembly or community meeting (e.g., giving a report)
128
The _ of a word refers to its literal or dictionary meaning.
denotative meaning
129
It pertains to the emotional, imaginative, and symbolic associations.
connotative meaning
130
Denotatively, sun is defined as?
the star around which the Earth orbits
131
Connotatively, sun can be associated with?
power, supremacy, royalty or hope
132
Two helpful reading techniques that enable one to go through a material quickly and find information.
Skimming and Scanning
133
It is used when looking for specific information, like the page number of a favorite chapter or someone's telephone number from the phonebook. It involves moving the eyes quickly down the page to locate the specific words, numbers, or data.
Skimming
134
It is used to gain a quick overview of the content of a text. It involves reading the key parts of the text by looking at the headings, titles, subtitles, and the beginnings and endings of paragraphs where central ideas are usually found.
Skimming
