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American Government > 1st Test > Flashcards

1st Test Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

The ability of one person to get another person to act in accordance with the first persons intentions

A

Power

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2
Q

the right to use power

A

authority

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3
Q

Political authority conferred by law or by a state or national constitution

A

Legitimacy

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4
Q

the rule of the many

A

Democracy

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5
Q

a government in which all or most citizens participate directly

A

direct or participatory democracy

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6
Q

A government in which leaders make decisions by winning a competitive struggle for the popular vote

A

Representative democracy

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7
Q

Persons who possess a disproportionate share of some valued resource, like money or power.

A

Elite

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8
Q

View that the government is dominated by capitalist

A

class view

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9
Q

View that the government is dominated by a few top leaders, most of whom are outside of government

A

Power elite view

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10
Q

view that the government is dominated by appointed officials

A

bureacratic view

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11
Q

The belief that competition among all affected interest shapes public policy.

A

Pluralist view

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12
Q

a human right based on nature or God

A

unalienable

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13
Q

A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary war.

A

Articles of Confederation

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14
Q

A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution

A

Constitutional Convention

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15
Q

A 1787 rebellion in which ex revolutionary war soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes

A

Shays’s Rebellion

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16
Q

Proposal to create a strong national government

A

Virginia Plan

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17
Q

Proposal to create a weak national government

A

New Jersey Plan

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18
Q

A plan to have a popularly elected house based on state population and state selected senate, with two members for each state.

A

Great compromise

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19
Q

a government in which elected representatives make the decisions.

A

Republic

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20
Q

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional.

A

Judicial Review

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21
Q

Government authority shared by national and local governments.

A

Federalism

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22
Q

Powers given to the national government alone

A

enumerated powers

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23
Q

powers given to the state government alone

A

reserved powers

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24
Q

powers shared by the national and state government

A

concurrent powers

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25
Authority shared by three branches of government
checks and balances
26
Constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government
seperation of powers
27
a group with a distinct political interest
faction
28
Those who favor a weaker national government
Antifederalist
29
An alliance of factions
Coalition
30
First ten amendments to the constitution
Bill of Rights
31
An order to produce an arrested person before a judge
Habeas Corpus
32
A law that declares a person, without a trial, to be guilty of a crime
Bill of Attainder
33
A law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was committed
Ex post facto law
34
A new provision in the constitution that has been ratified by the states
Amendment
35
An executives ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature
Line item veto
36
Government authority shared by national and local governments
Federalism
37
Section of the constitution allowing congress to pass all laws necessary and proper to its duties, and permits congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it by the constitution.
necessary and proper clause
38
The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the states opinion violates the constitution
Nullification
39
Doctrine holding that the national government is supreme in its sphere, the states are supreme in theirs, and the two spheres should be kept separate.
Dual Federalism
40
State power to enact laws promoting health, safety and morals.
Police power
41
Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport.
Categoricall grants
42
Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds.
Conditions of aid
43
Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants
Mandates
44
A decision by an administrator agency granting someother part permission to violate a law or rule that would otherwise apply to it.
Waiver
45
A patterned and sustained way of thinking about how political and economic life ought to be carried out.
Political Government
46
A belief that one has an obligation to participate in civic and political affairs
Civic Duty
47
A belief that one can affect government policies.
Civic Competence
48
A belief that you are a member of an economic group whose interest are opposed to people in other such groups.
Class Consciousness
49
A belief that morality and religion ought to be of decisive importance
Orthodox
50
A belief that personal freedom and solving social problems are more importance than religion.
Progressive
51
Voluntary action that makes cooperation easier
Civil Society
52
Denies the government the right, without due process, to deprive people of life liberty and property
Due process of law
53
A standard of equal treatment that must be observed by the government
Equal protection of the law
54
The process whereby the courts has applied many parts of the Bill of rights to the states.
selective incorporation
55
Right of people to speak publish and assemble
Freedom of Expression
56
People shall be free to exercise their religion, and government may not establish a religion.
Freedom of Religion
57
Censorship of a publication
Prior Restraint
58
Law should not punish speech unless there was a clear and present danger of producing harmful actions.
Clear and present danger test
59
Writing that falsely injuries another person
Libel
60
An act that conveys a political message
symbolic speech
61
First amendment requirement that law cannot orevent free exercise of religion
Free exercise clause
62
First amendment ban on laws "respecting and establishment of religion"
Establishment clause
63
Court ruling that government cannot be involved with religion.
wall of separation
64
Improperly gathered evidence may not be introduced in a criminal trial
Exclusionary Rule
65
a judges orders authorizing a search
Search Warrant
66
Reasonable cause for issuing a search warrant or making an arrest, more than mere suspicion
Probable cause
67
An error in gathering evidence sufficiently minor that it may be used in a trial
Good faith Exception
68
The police can question an un-mirandized suspect if there is an urgent concern for public safety
Public Safety Exception
69
The police can use evidence if it would inevitable have been discovered.
Inevitable Exception
70
The father of classical Liberalism
John Locke
71
He Proposed the constitution and argued that powers of taxation and collectors of revenue would remain few and defined.
James Madison
72
A state untouched by civilization
State of Nature
73
Basic rights that cant be denied by the government
Natural Rights
74
an agreement of members of a society to cooperate for social benefits
Social Contract
75
the view that argued the governments were dominated by business owners until a revolution replaced them with rule by laborers
Marxist View
76
He was a German Philosopher that began to view differnet theories
Karl Marx
77
An American Sociologist who studied the structure of power.
Wright Mills
78
He helped us understand the nature of society
Max Weber
79
a collection of papers written under pseudonym
Federalist papers
80
Slaves were counted as 3/5 of a person
3/5 Compromise
81
Power is centralized at the top | Unitary > State > Local
Unitary System
82
A system of government in which the people create state governments which in turn create and operate a national government.
Confederation
83
"Federal Republic" it derives its powers directly from the people, as do the state governments.
Federation
84
powers authorized by the constitution which seem to be implied.
Implied powers clause
85
a large sum of money granted by the national government.
Block Grant
86
The state of maryland tried to impose a tax on all notes of banks in maryland. The court invoked the necessary and proper clause of the constitution
McCulloch v. Maryland
87
The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4th.
Significance of 1776
88
The Constitutional Convention met
Significance of 1787
89
the convention of United States statesmen who drafted the United States Constitution in 1787
Constitutional convention
90
Congress or states propose to amend the constitution 2/3 vote must call on congress to hold a constitutional convention. 3/4 of state legislatures must aprove it.
Amending the Constitution
91
He was one of the founding fathers. and he created a national bank that would centralize the money.
Alexander Hamilton
92
He was one of the founding fathers and he wrote the Declaration of Independence.
Thomas Jefferson
93
It argues that the structure of the Constitution of the United States was motivated primarily by the personal financial interests of the Founding Fathers.
Economic Interpretation
94
A french political thinker
Alexis de Tocqueville

American Government (1 decks)

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