2-1

Question 1

6 functions of fat

Answer 1

1-bodys chief form of stored energy
2-provide most of the energy to fuel muscular work
3-emergency fuel supply in times of illness and diminished food intake
4-fat pads inside body protect internal organs from shock
5- fat layer under skin insulates
6- form the major material of cell membranes
7- converted to other materials as needed

Question 2

triglycerides are made up of?

Answer 2

triglicerides- 1 molecule of glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 3

phospholipids are made of?

Answer 3

1 glycerol, 2 fatty acid and one phosphate group

Question 4

Steroids are made of?

Answer 4

4 connecting rings of carbon and hydrogen (cholesterol- used to make bile, vitamin d and hormones)

Question 5

how many carbons in short chain of fatty acid?

Answer 5

4-6

Question 6

how many carbons in medium chain of fatty acid?

Answer 6

8-12

Question 7

how many carbons in large chain of fatty acid?

Answer 7

14-18

Question 8

how many carbons in very large chain of fatty acid?

Answer 8

20-24

Question 9

lipids are?

Answer 9

fats and oils

Question 10

essential means?

Answer 10

body can not make and you have to get from your food

Question 11

linoleum acid is a?

Answer 11

omega 6 and is poly unsaturated

Question 12

oleic acid is found in? and percentage?

Answer 12

canola 60-61%

olive oil 71%

Question 13

HDL is?

Answer 13

good cholesterol

Question 14

LDL is?

Answer 14

bad cholesterol

Question 15

saturated means? sources?

Answer 15

every carbon has 4 bonds and end carbon is the omega carbon

sources: animals, whole milk, butter, meat and cheese

Question 16

poly means? sources?

Answer 16

2 or more double bonds
source: corn oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, not the heart healthy choice. lower the bad cholesterol and possibly the good

Question 17

mono-unsaturated mans? sources?

Answer 17

one double bond, omega 6 first double bond
sources: olive oil, canola oil
raises the good HDL

Question 18

trans fats?

Answer 18

lowers good and raises bad cholesterol.

12-15LBS/person/year of trans fats ingested

Question 19

sources of trans fats

Answer 19

meat, dairy, margarines, cookies, crackers, fried potatoes, chips, shortening, salad dressings, candy, cereal

Question 20

disorders of trans fats?

Answer 20

Low birth weight, low quality and volume of breast milk, abnormal sperm production, increase cancer rates, increase prostate disease, diabettes

Question 21

3 health virtues of olive oil

Answer 21

arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular/coronary heart disease

Question 22

trade name of olestra?

Answer 22

Olean

Question 23

what is olestra?

Answer 23

artificial fat substitute

Question 24

what is olestra made up of?

Answer 24

1 sucrose molecule and 6-8 fatty acids

Question 25

What are scientists concerned about when it comes to olestra?

Answer 25

GI disturbances | robs the body of fat soluable vitamins A, D, E, and K, Along with the phytochemical LYCOPENE, and BETA-CAROTENE

Question 26

Name 2 essential fatty acids and sources?

Answer 26

Linoleic acid- sunflower oil and safflower oil | Linolenic acid- canola oil and flax oil (people tend to be deficent in)

Question 27

3 reasons why fatty acids are good?

Answer 27

- regulate steroid production - regulate pain response, swelling, inflammation - regulate body secretions - O2 transport - kidney function and fluid balance - thin blood - energy source for heart muscle

Question 28

3 symptoms due to deficiency of fatty acids?

Answer 28

- fatigue, malaise - lack of endurance - dry skin - cracked nails - constipation - aching, sore joints - angina, chest pain - depression - forgetfulness

Question 29

step by step process of fat digestion

Answer 29

1- mouth (lingual lipase- important for infants digesting milk) 2- stomach (gastric lipase) 3- Small intestine: 3a- gall bladder releases bile-bile salts emulsify fat into micelles 3b- pancreas releases pancreatic lipase 4- on the walls of blood vessels- lipoprotein lipase

Question 30

what lipase is in the mouth?

Answer 30

lingual

Question 31

lingual lipase is important to?

Answer 31

infants for digesting milk

Question 32

what lipase is in the stomach?

Answer 32

gastric

Question 33

what lipase is released by the pancreas?

Answer 33

pancreatic

Question 34

what lipase is on the walls of blood vessels?

Answer 34

lipoprotein lipase