2 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is communicative competence?
It is the combination of knowledge and skill used during actual communication
What does “knowledge” refer to in communicative competence?
It refers to what a person knows (consciously and unconsciously) about the language and its use.
What does “skill” refer to in communicative competence?
It is the ability to use that knowledge effectively in real communication.
Who coined the term “communicative competence” and when?
Dell Hymes in 1966.
What was Hymes’ critique of Chomsky’s linguistic theory?
Hymes criticized Chomsky for focusing only on grammatical competence and ignoring social appropriateness.
What is the difference between competence and performance according to Chomsky?
Competence is unconscious grammatical knowledge; performance is the actual use of language
What four judgments must a linguistic theory consider according to Hymes?
Formal possibility, feasibility, appropriateness, and actual performance.
What does communicative competence include according to Hymes?
Grammatical, psycholinguistic, socio-cultural, and probabilistic components.
What is the focus of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)?
Effective, context-appropriate communication based on Hymes’ model.
What distinction did Widdowson make in 1983?
He distinguished between competence and capacity, focusing more on real language use.
What are the three types of knowledge in Canale and Swain’s model?
Grammatical, sociolinguistic, and discourse knowledge.
What did Savignon emphasize in her concept of communicative competence?
The ability to function in real communicative situations.
How is communicative competence described in terms of nature?
It is dynamic, interpersonal, relative, and context-dependent.
. What are some key characteristics of communication according to Breen, Candlin, and Widdowson?
Social interaction, unpredictability, socio-cultural context, psychological influences, purposefulness, authenticity, and outcome-based evaluation
