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D1 Spring - Occlusion & Fixed Pros. > 2/7: Anatomy of the TMJ > Flashcards

2/7: Anatomy of the TMJ Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

What is the TMJ?

A

The joint where the mandible articulates with
the base of the cranium

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2
Q

Where does the condyle fit into?

A

Articular fossa

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3
Q

What make up the squamous part of the temporal bone?

A

Mandibular fossa
Glennoid fossa
Articular fossa

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4
Q

What is a compound joint?

A

More than three bones

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5
Q

What are the types of compound joints?

A

Condyle, temporal, articular disc

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6
Q

What does a complex joint do?

A

Allows more than one type of movement

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7
Q

What does the ginglymoid joint of the ginlymoarthroidal joint imply?

A

Implies hinging movement permitted

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8
Q

What does the arthroidal joint of the ginlymoarthroidal joint imply?

A

Implies gliding movement

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9
Q

What does the ginglymoarthroidal joint imply?

A

Both hinging and gliding movements

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10
Q

What does the synovial joint contain?

A

Synovial fluid

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11
Q

What kind of movements does the arthroidal joint have?

A

Translational movement

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12
Q

What kind of movements does the ginglymus joint have?

A

Rotational movements

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13
Q

What kind of movements does the ginglymo-arthroidal joint have?

A

Rotational and translational movement

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14
Q

What is the articular disc made of?

A

Fibrous connective tissue

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15
Q

What is the shape of the articular disc?

A

Concave on the inferior part
Concavo-convex on the superior part

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16
Q

Is the articular disc innervated?

A

Non-innervated and avascular
- poor reperative capacity

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17
Q

Is the articular disc flexible?

A

Somewhat flexible

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18
Q

What are the three sections the articular disc is divided into?

A

Anterior zone
Middle or intermediate zone (thinnest)
Posterior (thickest)
- posterior > anterior > middle

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19
Q

The articular surface of the condyle functions on the __________ zone of the disc

A

Intermediate

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20
Q

What is the TMJ disc divided into?

A

Medial and lateral parts

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21
Q

Where is the TMJ disc thicker?

A

Medially than laterally

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22
Q

What attaches the TMJ disc to the medial and lateral poles of the condyle to the surrounding capsule?

A

Discal/collateral ligaments

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23
Q

What is the articular zone of the condyle and fossa?

A

Most superficial layer
Made of dense fibrous CT rather than hyaline cartilage
Less susceptible to aging and better ability to repair

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24
Q

What is the proliferative zone of the condyle and fossa?

A

Contains undifferentiated
mesenchymal cells and is responsible for
proliferation of articular cartilage in response to
loads

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25
What is the fibrocartilaginous zone of the condyle and fossa?
3D network of collagen offering resistance to lateral and compressive forces
26
What is the calcified zone of the condyle and fossa?
Made up of chrondrocytes and chrondoblasts. Active site for bone remodeling.
27
All areas of the synovial joint are involved in?
Articulation (internal surfaces of the cavities)
28
What are synovial joints covered with?
Specialized endothelial cells that form the synovial lining
29
What do synovial joints produce? and what does this provide?
Synovial fluid (provides metabolic requirements and lubrication)
30
What are the two lubricants of the synovia fluid?
Boundary lubrication Weeping lubrication
31
What is boundary lubrication?
movement of fluid from one area of the joint cavity to another, prevents friction
32
What is weeping lubrication?
articular surfaces absorb some of the fluid, increased absorption during function, metabolic exchange
33
What nerves innervate the TMJ?
Mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve (auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves)
34
What artery's innervate the TMJ?
Superficial temporal artery mainly, which is a branch of the external carotid artery
35
What are the two ways the disc is attached?
Posteriorly Anteriorly
36
What ligament is the disc attached to?
The capsular ligament not only anteriorly, but also posteriorly, medially, and laterally
37
What are the posterior attachments of the disc?
Superior retrodiscal lamina Inferior retrodiscal lamina
38
What does the superior retrodiscal lamina attach?
The articular disc to the tympanic plate
39
What is the superior retrodiscal lamina made of?
Connective tissue lots of elastic fibers
40
What does the superior retrodiscal lamina do?
Stretches as joint is moved forward
41
What is the inferior retrodiscal lamina?
Collagenous attachment (not elastic)
42
What does the inferior retrodiscal lamina attach?
Posterior of disc to the posterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle
43
What are the anterior attachments of the disc? (Collagenous)
- superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle (tendinous) - superior anterior attachment - inferior anterior attachment
44
What doe the superior anterior attachment attach?
– to the Capsular Ligament – to the anterior margin of the articular surface of the temporal bone
45
What doe the inferior anterior attachment attach?
– to the Capsular ligament – to anterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle
46
What are the joint cavities of the TMJ?
Superior joint cavity Inferior joint cavity
47
What is the superior joint cavity bordered by?
– glenoid fossa – superior aspect of the disc
48
What is the inferior joint cavity bordered by?
– inferior aspect of the disc – superior aspect of the condyle
49
What does the disc divide the joint into?
Two joint cavities Rotation Translation
50
Where does rotation occur?
In the inferior joint compartment
51
Where does translation occur?
In the superior joint compartment
52
What are the functional ligaments of the TMJ?
– Collateral/Discal ligaments – Capsular ligament – Temporomandibular ligament
53
What are the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?
– Sphenomandibular ligament – Stylomandibular ligament
54
What is the capsular ligament/joint capsule?
Ligament that surrounds the joint like a curtain
55
What is the capsular ligament/joint capsule attached to?
Attached to the base of the skull and the condyle Attached at the periphery of the articular parts Also attached to the disc medially and laterally
56
What does the capsular ligament/joint capsule retain?
Synovial fluid
57
What is the temporomandibular ligament?
Thickening of the capsular ligament on the lateral aspect
58
What does the temporomandibular ligament extend from?
articular tubercle and zygomatic process to the lateral pole and neck of the condyle, and the disk
59
What are the two parts of the temporomandibular ligament?
– Outer oblique – Inner horizontal
60
What is the function of the outer oblique part of the temporomandibular ligament?
– Prevents over rotation of the mandible – Causes translation of the mandible after 20-25 mm opening
61
What is the function of the inner horizontal part of the temporomandibular ligament?
– Limits posterior movement onto the highly innervated retrodiscal tissue (PAIN) – Prevents excessive overextension of the lateral pterygoid muscle
62
What does the sphenomandibular ligament arise from?
The spine of the sphenoid bone
63
Where does the sphenomandibular ligament insert on?
The medial surface of the ramus of the mandible called the lingula
64
What is the function of the sphenomandibular ligament?
No known function in limiting mandibular movement
65
What does the stylomandibular movement arise from?
Styloid process
66
What does the stylomandibular movement insert into?
The posterior border of the ramus of the mandible
67
What is the function of the stylomandibular movement?
Limits excessive protrusive movement of the mandible

D1 Spring - Occlusion & Fixed Pros. (17 decks)

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