2 And 3 Phonology Of Vowels Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is phonology?
: The study of the sound systems and patterns in human languages.
What is the difference between phonetics and phonology?
. Phonetics studies all human sounds; phonology focuses on the sound contrasts that affect meaning in a specific language.
. What is a phoneme?
The smallest unit of meaningful sound in a language
. How many phonemes are generally found in English?
. About 44 (24 consonants and 20 vowel sounds).
What system is used to represent phonemes?
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
What is Received Pronunciation (RP)?
A standard British English accent, often called “BBC English” or “The Queen’s English.”
‘What are vowels?.
Sounds made with an open vocal tract and no obstruction to airflow.
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Where do vowels typically appear in syllables?
the middle of syllables.
.. Who classified English vowels into 7 short, 5 long, and 8 diphthongs?
A.C. Gimson.
What are high (closed) vowels?
. iː/, /uː/ — tongue high (e.g., green, shoe)..
What are low (open) vowels?
Vowels with the tongue low in the mouth, e.g., /æ/, /ʌ/, /ɒ/, /ɑː/ (“cat”, “cut”)
What are front vowels?
Vowels with the front of the tongue raised, e.g., /iː/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/.
What are back vowels?
. Vowels with the back of the tongue raised, e.g., /uː/, /ʊ/, /ɔː/, /ɒ/, /ɑː/.
. What are rounded vowels?
Vowels produced with rounded lips, e.g., /ʊ/, /ɔː/.
What are unrounded vowels?
Vowels where the lips are spread or neutral, e.g., /e/, /æ/.
What are tense vowels?
Vowels with greater muscular effort and less centralization (e.g., /iː/, /uː/).
What are lax vowels?
Vowels with shorter duration and more centralization (e.g., /ə/, /ʌ/).
.
Name the 5 long vowels.
iː/, /uː/, /ɑː/, /ɔː/, /ɜː/.
What are weak forms?
Reduced, unstressed forms of function words (often using /ə/ or /ɪ/).
When do we use strong forms?
When a word is emphasized or pronounced in isolation.
