2. AS - Anesthetic Equipment Flashcards by Serena Senecal

This device allows PPV and more efficient gas delivery when properly place:

Endotracheal Tube

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A properly inflated ET tube cuff prevents/facilitates:

Prevents:
1. anesthetic dilution (room air)
2. waste gas leaking
Reduce:
1. Aspiration risk
Facilitates:
1. PPV

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Inexpensive, Flexible, Absorbent (disinfectants), and kink/collapse are positive and negative characteristics of:

Rubber ET Tubes

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A Murphy Tube has what advantage over a Magill Tube?

Murphy tube has a murphy hole - Prevents complete obstruction of tube if plugged with mucus or tracheal wall.

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ET Tubes are measured by:

Internal diameter in mm.
Dogs: 5-18 mm
Cats: 2.5 - 4.5 mm

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This tool is used to depress the tongue and illuminate the oral cavity:

Laryngoscope

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This tool:

Connects to the glottis opening.
Maintains airway w/o tracheal invasion.
Decreases laryngospasm, dead space resistance, airway trauma, post-op coughing.
Expensive

Supraglottic Airway Devices

(SAD)

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Oxygen Cylinders contain:
A. 90% Oxygen Concentration
B. 85% Oxygen Concentration
C. 100% Oxygen Concentration
D. 75% Oxygen Concentration

C. 100% Oxygen Concentration

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Oxygen’s second purpose during anesthesia is to:

Act as the carrier gas to deliver the anesthetic.

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High Oxygen concentration is required for anesthesia to prevent hypoxia due to:

Decreased RR & TV.

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E, H, and I, are different types of:

Oxygen Cylinders

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Oxygen Cylinders should always be stored:

Upright in a cart or chained to a wall.

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A full Oxygen Cylinder will have a pressure gauge reading of:

2200 psi

(660 L)

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An Oxygen Cylinder should never be allowed to drop below:

100 - 200 psi

(Change to new cylinder)

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psi X 0.3 =

Cylinder Volume in liters.

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Flow rate / 60 minutes =

Available duration of Oxygen Cylinder use.

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Regulating pressure to 50 psi is done by the:

Pressure Reducing Valve

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What part of the anesthetic machine is described below:

Set measured flow rate
On to deliver O₂
On to deliver anesthetic
Pressure reduced to 15 psi

Oxygen Flowmeter

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Coverts agent specific liquid anesthetic to gas and adjusts percentage of anesthetic to carrier concentration:

Vaporizer

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This piece of anesthetic equipment should not be tilted or jostled, and should be replenished at the end of day in a well ventilated area:

Vaporizer

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Used to bypass the flowmeter and vaporizer, adding oxygen to the system at a fast rate (30-50L / min):

Oxygen Flush Valve

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When using the Oxygen Flush Vale, you should never:

Distend the rebreathing bag

Create pressure on manometer

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The new gas and anesthetic enter the circuit at the:

Fresh Gas Inlet

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What is the order of travel through the anesthetic circuit?

Inspiratory Unidirectional Valve
Reservoir/Rebreathing Bag
Connecting hoses (Ex: Y-piece)
Expiratory Unidirectional Valve
Pop-Off Valve
CO2 Absorption Chamber
Pressure Manometer

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Used to give patients a breath and create PPV:

Rebreathing Bag

Tidal Volume =

5mL/Lb or 11mL/kg

Rebreathing bag should be:

At least 5 - 6 X TV

Small Animal Anesthesia Rebreathing bag sizes range:

0.25L, 0.5L, 1L, and 2L

Why is PPV beneficial?

1. Prevents atelectasis 2. Flushes airways with fresh gas 3. Life saving if patient not breathing

The Carbon Dioxide Absorption Chamber is filled with:

Soda Lime | (Calcium hydroxide)

The Soda Lime is saturated and should be changed when:

1. Coloration is blue/purple 2. Brittle (Difficult to break)

Shows pressure in the anesthetic circuit:

Pressure Manometer

When bagging, the pressure gate for dogs and cats should:

1. Dogs - stay between 15 - 20 mm H₂O 2. Cats - stay between 12-15 mm H₂O

Open for non-rebreathing and closed for rebreathing / bagging:

Pop-Off Valve

Never do this with the pop-off valve:

Leave it closed (unmonitored) Creates pressure in system & can cause pulmonary rupture.

Admits room air in to circuit if negative pressure occurs:

Air Intake Valve

Negative pressure is caused by:

1. Oxygen flow rate is too low 2. Scavenger flow rate is too high

What carriers waste gas away?

Scavenger Line

Use of a pump or fan to remove waste gas is done with:

Active Scavenger

Use of a gravity to remove waste gas is done with:

Passive (Chemical) Scavenger

A Chemical Scavenger is saturated and should be replaced:

1. 50g weight gain 2. 12 hours of use

Precision Vaporizers are designed for what purposes?

Deliver exact concentration (in %) of high vapor pressure anesthetic gases.

At what rate are some Precision Vaporizers considered inaccurate?

\< 250 - 500mL/minute

Non-precision Vaporizers are used for:

Low vapor pressure anesthetic gases. (Ex: methoxyflurane - no long used in US)

True or False: A Non-precision vaporizer compensates for room temperature, flow, and back pressure.

False. A precision vaporizer does.

Which type of vaporizer is VOC?

Precision Vaporizer | (Vaporizer Out of Circle)

Which type of vaporizer is VIC?

Non-precision Vaporizer | (Vaporizer In Circle)

Circular air flow & reuse of exhaled gas are part of a:

Rebreathing system | (CO₂ removed by soda lime)

A low O₂ flow rate and closed Pop off valve are used in:

Total Rebreathing Systems

Higher O₂ flow rate, Gases replaced with fresh O₂ & anesthetic, and a partly opened pop-off valve are used in:

Partial Rebreathing Systems

Exhaled gas is disposed and fresh gas flow is high in:

Non-rebreathing Systems

Why should low O₂ flow rates be avoided in a non-rebreathing system?

Low flow rates can lead to CO₂ buildup since CO₂ chamber not used.

Choice of breathing system is determined by what 6 factors?

1. Patient Size 2. Convenience 3. Cost 4. Rate of control 5. Heat & Moisture conservation 6. Waste gas production

VT or TV =

11mL/kg or 5mL/lb

RMV = | (Respiratory Minute Volume)

VT X RR | (~ 100 - 200 mL/kg/min)

RR =

Respiratory Rate ave. = 10 - 20 br/min

Minimum metabolic O₂ requirement for anesthetized patients =

5 - 10 mL/kg/min

Mask Induction O₂ Flow Rate =

30 X VT = 300 mL/kg/min \< 10kg = 1 - 3 L/min \> 10kg = 3 - 5 L/min

Induction Chamber O₂ Flow Rate =

5 L/min

O₂ Flow Rate for a Semi-Closed Rebreathing System with Inj. Induction, Changing Depth, and during Recovery:

50 - 100 mL/kg/min

O₂ Flow Rate for Maintenance using a Semi-Close Rebreathing System:

20 - 40 mL/kg/min

Minimal Rebreathing with a Semi-Closed System:

200 - 300 mL/kg/min

O₂ Flow Rate for a Closed Rebreathing System:

5 - 10 mL/kg/min ## Footnote **ONLY used for maintenance**

O₂ Flow Rate in a Mapleson A or Modified Mapleson A Non-Rebreathing System:

100 - 200 mL/kg/min

O₂ Flow Rate for Mapleson D or Bain Non-rebreathing System:

300 - 400 mL/kg/min

2. AS - Anesthetic Equipment Flashcards

(65 cards)