2 Body Structure, Color, Oncology

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Basic unit of all living things. Human body composed of trillions of cells which vary in size and shape according to function

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Forms boundary of cell (outside, like the cell skin)

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Gel like fluid inside cell

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Largest structure within cell, usually spherical and centrally locates. Contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction and is the control center of the cell

Question 5

Chromosomes

Answer 5

Located in nucleus of cell. 46 chromosomes in normal humans cells, with the exception of nature sex cells (23)

Question 6

Genes

Answer 6

Regions within the chromosome. Each chromosome has several thousand genes that determine hereditary characteristics

Question 7

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Answer 7

Comprises each gene; is a genetic material that regulates the activities of the cell

Question 8

Tissue

Answer 8

Group of similar cells that perform a specific function

Question 9

Muscle tissue

Answer 9

Composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement

Question 10

Nervous tissue

Answer 10

Found in nerves, spinal cord, brain. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities

Question 11

Connective tissue

Answer 11

Connects supports penetrates and encases various body structures. Adipose (fat), osseous (bone) tissues, and blood are types of connective tissue.

Question 12

Epithelial tissue

Answer 12

Major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membrane that line body cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands

Question 13

Organ

Answer 13

Two or more kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions. For example, the skin is an organ composed of epithelial connective muscle and nerve tissue

Question 14

System

Answer 14

Group of organs hat work together to perform complex body functions. For example, the cardiovascular system consists of heart blood vessels and blood. It’s function is to transport nutrient and oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide and other waste products

Question 15

Genome

Answer 15

Complete set of genes for all the cells of a specific organ

Question 16

Genomics

Answer 16

Study of genome and its products and interactions

Question 17

Medical genomics

Answer 17

Study of genome and how it can be used to determine cause treatment prevention of disease.

Question 18

Gene therapy

Answer 18

Any therapy in which genes are intentionally introduced into human body to achieve gene repair suppression or addition.

Question 19

Hematopoietic stem cells

Answer 19

Immature cells from
Bone marrow and peripheral blood. Can develop into mature cells of any type of body tissue or form mature blood cells.
Can be obtained for transplantation from the own patient, identical twin, or from
Sibling or other individual

Question 20

Autologous

Answer 20

Transplantation from self

Question 21

Synergetic

Answer 21

Transplantation from identical twin

Question 22

Allogenic

Answer 22

Transplantation from sibling or other

Question 23

Embryonic stem cells

Answer 23

Derived from earliest stage of development of the embryo and have potential to develop into mature body cells

Question 24

Leukemia

Answer 24

Cancer involving white blood cells

Question 25

Aplastic anemia

Answer 25

Disease of inadequate production of blood cells

Question 26

Multiple myeloma

Answer 26

Cancer that forms tumors in bone marrow

Question 27

Lymphoma

Answer 27

Cancer involving lymphoid cells

Question 28

Organization of body: four categories

Answer 28

Cells, tissues, organs, systems

Question 29

Ten systems acronym

Answer 29

IRUR Clearly loving dat marvelous new Elli IRURCLDMNE

Question 30

Ten systems list

Answer 30

``` Integumentary Respiratory Urinary Reproductive Cardiovascular Lymphatic Digestive Musculoskeletal Nervous Endocrine ```

Question 31

Integumentary

Answer 31

Hair skin nails glands Protective covering Regulates body temp Produces vitamin D

Question 32

Respiratory system

Answer 32

Nose pharynx larynx trachea bronchial tubes lungs | Performs respiration, exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within body

Question 33

Urinary

Answer 33

Kidneys ureters bladder urethra | Removes waste material, regulates fluid volume, maintains electrolyte concentration

Question 34

Reproductive

Answer 34

Female: ovaries tubes uterus vagina mammary glands Male: tested urethra penis prostate gland tubes Heredity and reproduction

Question 35

Cardiovascular

Answer 35

Heart blood vessels | Pumps and transports blood through body

Question 36

Lymphatic

Answer 36

Network of vessels ducts nodes organs Defense against infection Drainage of extracellular fluid

Question 37

Digestive

Answer 37

Gastrointestinal tract Mouth esophagus stomach largevand small intestines Prepares food for use by body cells and eliminates waste

Question 38

Musculoskeletal

Answer 38

``` Muscles bones joints Movement and framework for body Protects vital organs Stores calcium Produces red blood cells ```

Question 39

Nervous

Answer 39

Brian spinal cord and nervous | Regulates body

Question 40

Endocrine

Answer 40

Glands that secret hormones | Regulate body activities