2 Epithelial Tissues

Question 1

What are the three morphological characteristics of epithelial cells?

Answer 1

Shape

Layers

Surface Specialisations

Question 2

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 2

Mediates filtration and diffusion

Question 3

Scale-like epithelial cells are known by what name?

Answer 3

Squamous

Question 4

Epithelial cells which are as wide as they are tall are known as:

Answer 4

Cuboidal cells

Question 5

What are the functions of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 5

Absorption and Secretion

Question 6

Nuclei of simple columnar cells are found at the base or the top of the cell?

Answer 6

Base

Question 7

What structure connects simple columnar cells to one another?

Answer 7

Tight junctions

Question 8

Cells which are taller than they are wide are known as?

Answer 8

Columnar

Question 9

From where do columnar epithelial cells derive their nutrients?

Answer 9

Through the basement membrane

Question 10

Do epithelial tissues contain capilliaries?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

What are the functions of Simple Columnar Epithelial cells?

Answer 11

Protection

Absorption/Transportation (of nutrients)

Sensory

Question 12

Some Simple Columnar Epithelial cells are innervated to provide sensory input, what areas of the body can they be found?

Answer 12

Cornea

Inner ear

Nose

Question 13

Some simple columnar epithelial cells express cilia for movement of fluids, where can they be found?

Answer 13

Small Bronchi

Fallopian tubes

Auditory tubes

Question 14

A layer of Columnar Epithelial Cells shows nuclei at differing heights above the basement membrane, what is this configuration called?

Answer 14

Pseudostratified

Question 15

Can stratified epithelial cells express cilia?

Answer 15

no

Question 16

Can pseudostratified Epithelial cells express cilia?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

A sample of tissue shows a basal layer of columnar cells, followed by further layers flattening as they progress upwards towards the surface - what is this tissue called?

Answer 17

Stratified Squamous epithelium

Question 18

What are the two main sub-types of stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 18

Keritinizing

Non-Keritinizing

Question 19

Some stratified squamous epithelial cells secrete a substance in order to make the tissue waterproof - what is this substance?

Answer 19

Glycolipid

Question 20

Keritinization of cells serves what purpose?

Answer 20

Resisting mechanical abrasion

Question 21

What is the name of cells which produce and fill with keratin?

Answer 21

Keratinocytes

Question 22

In what areas of the body can non-keritinizing stratified squamous epithelium be found?

Answer 22

Oesophagus

Oral Cavity

Vagina

Question 23

Sweat, mammary and salivary glands are typically comprised of what type of epithelia?

Answer 23

Stratified Cuboidal

Question 24

How many layers are typical of stratified cuboidal epithelia?

Answer 24

Two

Question 25

What are the three types of **intercellular** membrane specialties of epithelia?

Answer 25

Occluding Adhering Communicating

Question 26

Tight junctions are also known as:

Answer 26

Zonula Occludens

Question 27

Adhering junctions are also known as:

Answer 27

Zonula Adherens *and* Macula Adherens

Question 28

Communicating junctions are also known as:

Answer 28

Gap Junctions *and* Nexus Junctions

Question 29

The spot-weld like adhesions in **zonula occludens** are performed by which proteins?

Answer 29

Claudins Occludins

Question 30

Claudins and Occludins are found where?

Answer 30

Tight junctions / Zonula Occludens

Question 31

What transmembrane proteins are involved in a zonula adherens?

Answer 31

Cadherins

Question 32

Transmembrane Cadherins which bind to intermediate filaments within the cell are called:

Answer 32

Desmosomes

Question 33

What is the type of adhesion found in a **macula adherens**?

Answer 33

Desmosomes

Question 34

Do **desmosomes** bind by the actin filaments or intermediate filaments?

Answer 34

Intermediate filaments

Question 35

Transmembrane proteins called **Connexons** can be found in what type of intercellular surface?

Answer 35

Gap junctions

Question 36

Gap junctions serve what purpose?

Answer 36

Passage of nutrients and molecules between cells

Question 37

What are the three **luminal surface** specializations of epithelia?

Answer 37

Cilia Stereocilia Microvilli

Question 38

What is the function of **Microvilli**?

Answer 38

Greatly increasing surface area

Question 39

Are stereocilia actively motile?

Answer 39

No

Question 40

In what areas of the body can sterocilia be found?

Answer 40

Epididymis Ductus Deferens

Question 41

What is the function of **Hemidesmosomes**?

Answer 41

Anchoring epithelia to the basement membrane

Question 42

What are the two classifications of exocrine glands?

Answer 42

Simple Compound

Question 43

Exocrine glands secrete their product to:

Answer 43

an external environment

Question 44

Endocrine glands secrete their product to:

Answer 44

the bloodstream

Question 45

What type of gland is this?

Answer 45

Compound Alveolar ## Footnote *(Acinar)*

Question 46

What type of gland is this?

Answer 46

Compound Tubular

Question 47

What type of gland is this?

Answer 47

Compound Tubuloalveolar

Question 48

What type of gland is this?

Answer 48

Simple Alveolar

Question 49

What type of gland is this?

Answer 49

Simple Branched Alveolar

Question 50

What type of gland is this?

Answer 50

Simple Branched Tubular

Question 51

What type of gland is this?

Answer 51

Simple Coiled Tubular

Question 52

What type of gland is this?

Answer 52

Simple Tubular

Question 53

How does a Merocrine gland deliver its product?

Answer 53

Exocytosis

Question 54

Which manner of secretion avoids damaging the secretory cell?

Answer 54

Merocrine

Question 55

How does a holocrine cell deliver its secretory product?

Answer 55

Rupture of the cell membrane

Question 56

How does an apocrine secretory cell deliver its product?

Answer 56

By breaking off vesicles