2 - Glaciated Uplands

Question 1

WHAT IS PLUCKING?

Answer 1

when the glacier freezes onto the underlying landscape and rips them out as it moves downhill due to the force of gravity. This then provided material for abrasion.

Question 2

WHAT IS ABRASION?

Answer 2

rocks plucked get frozen in the base of the glacier and scour away the underlying landscape as it moves, having a sandpaper effect. It also leaves scratches on the underlying surface called striations.

Question 3

WHAT IS FREEZE-THAW WEATHERING?

Answer 3

this is a process of weathering that occurs in upland areas. Water enters cracks in rock and expands as it freezes. This widens the crack and when repeated it eventually breaks off pieces of rock.

Question 4

WHY DO GLACIERS MOVE DOWNHILL?

Answer 4

gravity

Question 5

WHEN DOES A CORRIE FORM?

Answer 5

Snow gathers in a north facing hollow and compresses under its own weight to form ice.

Question 6

WHAT IS A CORRIE?

Answer 6

Once the ice has melted a deep, steep sided horseshoe shape hollow remains called a corrie.

Question 7

EXAMPLE OF A CORRIE

Answer 7

Coire Cas

Question 8

WHEN DOES AN ARETE FORM?

Answer 8

Two corries form back to back on a mountainside as glaciers move downhill due to gravity.

Question 9

WHAT IS AN ARETE?

Answer 9

As each glacier erodes into the mountain, a steep, narrow ridge called an arete forms between them. ​
Once the ice has melted, freeze-thaw weathering continues to give it a jagged appearance. ​

Question 10

EXAMPLE OF AN ARETE

Answer 10

Fiacaill a Coire Cas

Question 11

WHEN DOES A PYRAMIDAL PEAK FORM?

Answer 11

Three corries form around a mountainside as glaciers move downhill due to gravity.

Question 12

WHAT IS A PYRAMIDAL PEAK?

Answer 12

As each glacier erodes into the mountain, a sharp pointed peak called a pyramidal peak forms between them.

Question 13

EXAMPLE OF A PYRAMIDAL PEAK

Answer 13

Angels Peak

Question 14

WHEN DOES A U-SHAPED VALLEY FORM?

Answer 14

A glacier moves downhill through a V-shaped valley due to gravity.

Question 15

WHAT IS A U-SHAPED VALLEY?

Answer 15

Once the ice has melted, a u-shaped valley remains with steep sides and a wide, flat base. ​
A misfit stream or ribbon loch are also found on the valley floor. ​

Question 16

EXAMPLE OF A U-SHAPED VALLEY

Answer 16

Glen Avon

Question 17

HOW ARE TRUNCATED SPURS FORMED?

Answer 17

The interlocking spurs in a V-shaped valley are cut off by these processes, creating truncated spurs. ​
A truncated spur is a rounded, craggy and steep area of land at the edge of a u-shaped valley.

Question 18

WHAT IS YOUR GLACIATED UPLANDS CASE STUDY?

Answer 18

CAIRNGORMS NATIONAL PARK

Question 19

WHY IS SHEEP FARMING COMMON IN THE CAIRNGORMS?

Answer 19

Sheep are hardy and can survive the cold, harsh environment on the upper slopes of u-shaped valleys.​
These areas are generally unsuitable for growing crops because of the low temperatures, lack of sunshine and poor soil quality.​
These slopes are also too steep for farm machinery.

Question 20

WHY IS FORESTRY COMMON IN THE CAIRNGORMS?

Answer 20

1. Cairngorms area occupies just less than 10 percent of Scotland’s land mass, yet contains 25 per cent of the entire Scottish resource of native woodlands. ​
2. Natural Caledonian Forest is considered one of the most important habitats for biodiversity conservation in Scotland.
3. These areas are popular with tourists for many activities such as cycling, walking and bird watching as well as being used for education purposes.

Question 21

WHY IS TOURISM COMMON IN THE CAIRNGORMS?

Answer 21

Lochs, such as Loch Morlich, provide opportunities for water sports such as water skiing, kayaking and canoeing.​
Five of Scotland’s six highest mountains are located within the park so provide a great opportunity for hill walking and rock climbing.​
Corries such as Coire Cas enable winter sports such as skiing and snowboarding.​
The A9 provides good access to the national park and settlements such as Aviemore provide excellent tourist services such as hotels, restaurants, cafes.​
Aviemore is also accessible via rail, allowing even more people to visit the area.

Question 22

WHY IS RENEWABLE ENERGY COMMON IN THE CAIRNGORMS?

Answer 22

Hydro-electric power (HEP) is generated by damming hanging valleys to create electricity using the force of waterfalls. ​
Wind turbines can also be located on mountains to take advantage of the windy conditions to generate energy.

Question 23

HOW DO TOURISTS DISRUPT FARMING ACTIVITIES?

Answer 23

1. leave gates open
2. let dogs off lead - sheep worrying.
3. damage stones walls and fences by climbing over them
4. disrupt animals during breeding season
5. inconsiderate parking

Question 24

WHAT IS SHEEP WORRYING?

Answer 24

dogs can scare sheep if let off the lead and can result in sheep dying or miscarrying their lambs, costing farmers money and profit

Question 25

WHY IS LITTER A HAZARD FOR ANIMALS?

Answer 25

Increased litter in farming areas is hazardous to animals who could choke or potentially die from grazing on it accidentally.

Question 26

HOW DO FARMERS ANNOY TOURISTS?

Answer 26

Farm vehicles can slow tourist traffic on local roads.
Farmers also restrict tourists access to areas at certain times of the year e.g. during lambing that can also lead to disagreements.

Question 27

WHY HAVE RUBBISH BINS BEEN REMOVED FROM THE CAIRNGORMS?

Answer 27

Rubbish bins have been removed from some areas to encourage people to take their litter away rather than place more bins in certain areas.

Question 28

HOW DO PARK RANGERS HELP CONFLICTS IN THE CAIRNGORMS?

Answer 28

Park rangers are employed to prevent problems by encouraging responsible tourism and liaise with different land owners to minimise problems. ​

Question 29

WHAT CAN FARMERS DO TO MANAGE CONFLICTS?

Answer 29

Farmers display signs to encourage people to close gates behind them.

Question 30

HOW CAN VISITOR STAFF AND TV CAMPAIGNS MANAGE CONFLICTS?

Answer 30

Visitor centre staff and TV campaigns help to educate the public about the Scottish Outdoor Access Code which contains advice about walking dogs within the national park. ​

Question 31

what feature is this?

Answer 31

arete

Question 32

what feature is this?

Answer 32

pyramidal peak

Question 33

what feature is this?

Answer 33

corrie/ corrie lochan