2: Hen reproductive systemic

Question 1

Which side ovary and oviduct do chickens have?

Answer 1

Left, may have vestigial right

Question 2

Where are the ovary and oviduct located?

Answer 2

Cephalic end of left kidney

Question 3

How many ova are ovualted annually?

Answer 3

250

Question 4

What must happen throughout cockerel life to remain sperm production?

Answer 4

Maintain body weight

Question 5

Where does the ova go when released?

Answer 5

Infundibulum

Question 6

Where does the female store sperm?

Answer 6

“Sperm nests”

Question 7

How often are hens inseminated?

Answer 7

Every 5 days

Question 8

How do you mate turkeys?

Answer 8

AI

Question 9

After how long does the ova move into the magnum?

Answer 9

After 30 mins

Question 10

What happens in the magnum?

Answer 10

Albumin formed

Question 11

How long does the egg stay in the magnum?

Answer 11

3 hours

Question 12

Where does the egg go after the magnum?

Answer 12

Isthmus

Question 13

What happens in the isthmus?

Answer 13

Shell membranes

Question 14

How long does the egg stay in the isthmus?

Answer 14

1.25 hours

Question 15

Where does the egg go after the isthmus?

Answer 15

Uterus / shell gland

Question 16

What happens in the isthmus?

Answer 16

Shell, shell pigment, cuticle

Question 17

How long does the egg stay in the isthmus?

Answer 17

21 hours

Question 18

What produces progesterone?

Answer 18

Maturing follicle

Question 19

How does LH induce maturation?

Answer 19

On a light/dark cycle

Question 20

How does clutch length affect overall production?

Answer 20

Increases

Question 21

What are clutches like in older hen?

Answer 21

Shorter

Question 22

After what time do you bring in another flock?

Answer 22

60 weeks

Question 23

How can you encourage a second phase of production?

Answer 23

Can moult, but will be much lower production overall

Question 24

How do you stimulate the hypothalamus?

Answer 24

Light energy

Question 25

What is the photosensitive phase?

Answer 25

Lights on, and must be on 11-13 hours after they first come on

Question 26

How high must the light intensity be?

Answer 26

10x higher than dark period

Question 27

How many hour day for pullets?

Answer 27

8 hours

Question 28

What do you do to the light when pullets reach body maturity?

Answer 28

3 hour light increase to stimulate

Question 29

What else must happen to stimulate pullets?

Answer 29

Must reach an absolute body weight and % fat

Question 30

What happens if you stimulate pullets too earlu?

Answer 30

Can affect overall productive

Question 31

How quickly do ova reach maturity?

Answer 31

9-10d

Question 32

How many follicles are in the follicular hierarchy in chickens?

Answer 32

4-8

Question 33

What is the water source for the developing chick?

Answer 33

Albumen

Question 34

What is the energy source for the chick?

Answer 34

Yolk

Question 35

What provides the minerals for bone development?

Answer 35

Shell

Question 36

How many layers does the albumen have?

Answer 36

4

Question 37

What are the layers of the albumen?

Answer 37

Yolk (suspensory) attached to chalaziferous, inner liquid, dense/thick layer, outer thin or fluid layers

Question 38

What makes up the albumen?

Answer 38

Ovalbumen, ovotransferrin, ovoglobulin, lysozymal or bacteriocidial enzymes

Question 39

How many layers does the shell have?

Answer 39

4

Question 40

What are the layers of the shell?

Answer 40

Two proteinaceous membranes, true shell, proteinaceous cuticle

Question 41

What does the true shell consist of?

Answer 41

Mammilary and palisade or spongy layer

Question 42

Which mineral is the shell made up of?

Answer 42

CaCO3

Question 43

Where is the shell pigment laid down?

Answer 43

Uterus

Question 44

What colour eggs are more robust?

Answer 44

White layers

Question 45

What is the brown pigment made up of?

Answer 45

Haemoglobin byproduct

Question 46

What is the blue pigment made up of?

Answer 46

Oocyanin bile pigment

Question 47

In 250 eggs, how many times the calicum content of the body is this?

Answer 47

20x

Question 48

Where does the calcium come from?

Answer 48

Hen's bones

Question 49

What two conditions can blood calcium be in?

Answer 49

Ionic or protein-bound

Question 50

Which hormone does serum calcium rise depend on?

Answer 50

Oestrogen

Question 51

By what % does skeletal weight increase prior to onset of lay?

Answer 51

20%

Question 52

What chemical reaction forms the carbonate in the uterus?

Answer 52

CO2 to HCO3 by carbonic anhydrase

Question 53

What counteracts the metabolic acidosis in the shell gland?

Answer 53

Increased resp rate and renal excretion of NH4 and P

Question 54

What % calcium should laying diets be?

Answer 54

3.7%

Question 55

What % calcium should rearing diets be?

Answer 55

1%

Question 56

What happens if not enough calcium?

Answer 56

Stops laying

Question 57

What causes a crinkly shell?

Answer 57

Energy deficit

Question 58

What happens to stressed birds eating?

Answer 58

Reduce feed intake, and have additional energy requirements

Question 59

What happens to hot birds eating?

Answer 59

Won't eat

Question 60

What should male to female ratio be at 24 weeks?

Answer 60

9%

Question 61

What should male to female ratio be at depletion?

Answer 61

6.5%

Question 62

How often should you collect eggs?

Answer 62

Daily

Question 63

What temperature do you store eggs to prevent pre-incubation?

Answer 63

17 degrees

Question 64

What is humidity like when storing eggs?

Answer 64

High

Question 65

How long after collection do you incubate eggs?

Answer 65

3-5 days later

Question 66

What temperature do you incubate eggs?

Answer 66

25 degrees

Question 67

What must you do to eggs before they go in the hatchery?

Answer 67

Sanitise